Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, 305C Medical Science Building, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW 2308, Australia.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 23;15(13):2850. doi: 10.3390/nu15132850.
Plant-based diets (PBDs) emphasise higher intakes of plant foods and lower intakes of animal foods, and they have been associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity/mortality and lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Evidence is limited regarding the dietary profile, diet quality, and nutritional adequacy of PBDs, including their impact on CVD risk compared with traditional meat-eating diets in Australians. The PBD Study (PBDS) is a cross-sectional study that will recruit 240 adults from the Hunter region (NSW) without known CVD who are habitually consuming vegan (no animal flesh/animal products), lacto-ovo vegetarian (dairy and/or eggs only), pesco-vegetarian (fish/seafood only), or semi-vegetarian (minimal animal flesh) diets or are a regular meat-eater. To investigate dietary profile, diet quality, nutritional adequacy, and CVD risk, questionnaires (medical history, demographics, and physical activity), blood samples (biomarkers), physical measures (anthropometry, blood pressure, body composition, and bone density), and dietary intake (food frequency questionnaire and diet history) will be collected. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests will compare the CVD risk and other quantitative measures, and Chi-square or Fisher's Exact tests will be used for qualitative data. Directed acyclic graphs will determine the confounding variables, and linear regression and mediation analyses will account for the confounders and estimate the effect of dietary patterns on CVD risk. -values will be adjusted using the Benjamini-Hochberg method to control the False Discovery Rate to 5%.
植物性饮食（PBDs）强调增加植物性食物的摄入量，减少动物性食物的摄入量，并且与降低心血管发病率/死亡率和降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素有关。关于 PBD 的饮食模式、饮食质量和营养充足性的证据有限，包括与澳大利亚传统的肉食饮食相比，它们对 CVD 风险的影响。PBD 研究（PBDS）是一项横断面研究，将在新南威尔士州（NSW）的亨特地区招募 240 名无已知 CVD 的习惯性食用纯素（不含动物肉/动物产品）、乳蛋素食者（仅乳制品和/或蛋类）、鱼素素食者（仅鱼类/海鲜）或半素食者（少量动物肉）饮食的成年人或经常食用肉食的成年人。为了研究饮食模式、饮食质量、营养充足性和 CVD 风险，将收集问卷（病史、人口统计学和身体活动）、血液样本（生物标志物）、身体测量（人体测量学、血压、身体成分和骨密度）和饮食摄入（食物频率问卷和饮食史）。单因素方差分析和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验将比较 CVD 风险和其他定量指标，卡方或 Fisher 精确检验将用于定性数据。有向无环图将确定混杂变量，线性回归和中介分析将考虑混杂因素并估计饮食模式对 CVD 风险的影响。使用 Benjamini-Hochberg 方法调整值，以控制错误发现率为 5%。
