地中海饮食与 2 型糖尿病的相关性：多项横断面分析。

Association between Mediterranean Diet and Type 2 Diabetes: Multiple Cross-Sectional Analyses.

机构信息

Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, UNIL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, 1012 Lausanne, Switzerland.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2023 Jul 3;15(13):3025. doi: 10.3390/nu15133025.

DOI:10.3390/nu15133025

PMID:37447350

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10346215/

Abstract

AIM

To assess whether the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with lower levels of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a non-Mediterranean population.

METHODS

Cross-sectional analysis of follow-ups 1 (FU1, 2009-2012, = 4398, 45.7% men, 57.7 ± 10.5 years), 2 (FU2, 2014-2017, = 3154, 45.0% men, 61.7 ± 9.9 years), and 3 (FU3, 2018-2021, = 2394, 45.2% men, 65.0 ± 9.6 years) of the Colaus|PsyCoLaus study (Lausanne, Switzerland). Two MD scores (Trichopoulou, noted MD1, and Sofi, noted MD2) were calculated using participants' dietary data. T2D was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥7 mmol/L and/or the presence of an antidiabetic drug treatment.

RESULTS

Participants with the highest MD adherence had a higher educational level, a lower BMI, were less frequent smokers, presented less frequently with hypertension, and were more frequent alcohol consumers. After multivariable adjustment, no differences were found between participants with and without T2D regarding MD scores: 3.93 ± 0.07 vs. 3.97 ± 0.02; 4.08 ± 0.10 vs. 3.98 ± 0.03, and 3.83 ± 0.11 vs. 3.97 ± 0.03, respectively, for the MD1 score in FU1, FU2, and FU3. In addition, no association was found between adherence to MD and T2D: odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval) for medium and high relative to low adherence to MD1: 0.87 (0.68-1.10) and 0.89 (0.64-1.24) in FU1, 1.04 (0.76-1.42) and 1.07 (0.68-1.67) in FU2, and 0.73 (0.53-1.03) and 0.61 (0.37-1.02) in FU3, respectively. Corresponding results for MD2 were 0.90 (0.70-1.15) and 1.03 (0.69-1.53) in FU1, 1.16 (0.82-1.63) and 1.40 (0.81-2.41) in FU2, and 0.93 (0.65-1.34) and 0.55 (0.28-1.08) in FU3.

CONCLUSION

We found no association between Mediterranean diet adherence and T2D in a non-Mediterranean population.

摘要

目的

评估地中海饮食（MD）与非地中海人群 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的发生是否存在相关性。

方法

对 Colaus|PsyCoLaus 研究（瑞士洛桑）的随访 1（FU1，2009-2012 年，=4398 人，45.7%为男性，57.7±10.5 岁）、2（FU2，2014-2017 年，=3154 人，45.0%为男性，61.7±9.9 岁）和 3（FU3，2018-2021 年，=2394 人，45.2%为男性，65.0±9.6 岁）的数据进行了横断面分析。采用参与者的饮食数据计算了两种 MD 评分（Trichopoulou 评分，记为 MD1，和 Sofi 评分，记为 MD2）。T2D 的定义为空腹血糖≥7mmol/L 和/或正在服用降糖药物。

结果

MD 依从性最高的参与者具有更高的教育水平、更低的 BMI、较少吸烟、较少患有高血压，并且更频繁地饮酒。在多变量调整后，在 MD 评分方面，患有 T2D 的参与者与不患有 T2D 的参与者之间没有差异：FU1 中，3.93±0.07 vs.3.97±0.02；FU2 中，4.08±0.10 vs.3.98±0.03；FU3 中，3.83±0.11 vs.3.97±0.03，分别为 MD1 评分；此外，MD 与 T2D 之间也没有相关性：在 FU1、FU2 和 FU3 中，与 MD1 低依从性相比，中、高依从性的 T2D 的比值比（95%置信区间）分别为 0.87（0.68-1.10）和 0.89（0.64-1.24）、1.04（0.76-1.42）和 1.07（0.68-1.67）、0.73（0.53-1.03）和 0.61（0.37-1.02）。MD2 对应的结果分别为 0.90（0.70-1.15）和 1.03（0.69-1.53）、1.16（0.82-1.63）和 1.40（0.81-2.41）、0.93（0.65-1.34）和 0.55（0.28-1.08）。