Rusu Lăcrămioara, Suceveanu Elena-Mirela, Blaga Alexandra-Cristina, Nedeff Florin Marian, Șuteu Daniela
Faculty of Engineering, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau, 157 Calea Mărăşeşti, 600115 Bacau, Romania.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering an Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University from Iasi, 71 A Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jul 1;15(13):2923. doi: 10.3390/polym15132923.
Pharmaceuticals are acknowledged as emerging contaminants in water resources. The concentration of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment has increased due to the rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry, the increasing use of human and veterinary drugs, and the ineffectiveness of conventional technologies to remove pharmaceutical compounds from water. The application of biomaterials derived from renewable resources in emerging pollutant removal techniques constitutes a new research direction in the field. In this context, the article reviews the literature on pharmaceutical removal from water sources using microbial biomass and natural polymers in biosorption or biodegradation processes. Microorganisms, in their active or inactive form, natural polymers and biocomposites based on inorganic materials, as well as microbial biomass immobilized or encapsulated in polymer matrix, were analyzed in this work. The review examines the benefits, limitations, and drawbacks of employing these biomaterials, as well as the prospects for future research and industrial implementation. From these points of view, current trends in the field are clearly reviewed. Finally, this study demonstrated how biocomposites made of natural polymers and microbial biomass suggest a viable adsorbent biomaterial for reducing environmental pollution that is also efficient, inexpensive, and sustainable.
药物被公认为是水资源中的新兴污染物。由于制药行业的快速发展、人类和兽药使用的增加以及传统技术从水中去除药物化合物的无效性，环境中药物化合物的浓度有所上升。源自可再生资源的生物材料在新兴污染物去除技术中的应用构成了该领域的一个新研究方向。在此背景下，本文综述了有关在生物吸附或生物降解过程中使用微生物生物质和天然聚合物从水源中去除药物的文献。本文分析了微生物的活性或非活性形式、天然聚合物以及基于无机材料的生物复合材料，以及固定化或封装在聚合物基质中的微生物生物质。该综述研究了使用这些生物材料的优点、局限性和缺点，以及未来研究和工业应用的前景。从这些角度出发，对该领域的当前趋势进行了清晰的综述。最后，本研究表明由天然聚合物和微生物生物质制成的生物复合材料如何成为一种可行的吸附剂生物材料，用于减少环境污染，而且高效、廉价且可持续。
