COVID-19 疫苗诱导母血和脐血中针对 SARS-CoV-2 奥密克戎变异株的中和效价较低。
COVID-19 vaccine induced poor neutralization titers for SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants in maternal and cord blood.
机构信息
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 3;14:1211558. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211558. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
Maternally derived antibodies are crucial for neonatal immunity. Understanding the binding and cross-neutralization capacity of maternal and cord antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants following COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy can inform neonatal immunity.
METHODS
Here we characterized the binding and neutralizing antibody profile at delivery in 24 pregnant individuals following two doses of Moderna mRNA-1273 or Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccination. We analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 multivariant cross-neutralizing antibody levels for wildtype Wuhan, Delta, Omicron BA1, BA2, and BA4/BA5 variants. In addition, we evaluated the transplacental antibody transfer by profiling maternal and umbilical cord blood.
RESULTS
Our results reveal that the current COVID-19 vaccination induced significantly higher RBD-specific binding IgG titers in cord blood compared to maternal blood for both the Wuhan and Omicron BA1 strain. Interestingly, the binding IgG antibody levels for the Omicron BA1 strain were significantly lower when compared to the Wuhan strain in both maternal and cord blood. In contrast to the binding, the Omicron BA1, BA2, and BA4/5 specific neutralizing antibody levels were significantly lower compared to the Wuhan and Delta variants. It is interesting to note that the BA4/5 neutralizing capacity was not detected in either maternal or cord blood.
DISCUSSION
Our data suggest that the initial series of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were immunogenic in pregnant women, and vaccine-elicited binding antibodies were detectable in cord blood at significantly higher levels for the Wuhan and Delta variants but not for the Omicron variants. Interestingly, the vaccination did not induce neutralizing antibodies for Omicron variants. These results provide novel insight into the impact of vaccination on maternal humoral immune response and transplacental antibody transfer for SARS-CoV-2 variants and support the need for bivalent boosters as new variants emerge.
简介
母体来源的抗体对于新生儿的免疫力至关重要。了解 COVID-19 怀孕期间接种疫苗后母体和脐带抗体对 SARS-CoV-2 变体的结合和交叉中和能力，可以为新生儿的免疫力提供信息。
方法
在这里，我们在 24 名接受两剂 Moderna mRNA-1273 或 Pfizer BNT162b2 疫苗接种的孕妇分娩时，对其结合和中和抗体特征进行了描述。我们分析了针对野生型武汉、Delta、Omicron BA1、BA2 和 BA4/BA5 变体的 SARS-CoV-2 多变体交叉中和抗体水平。此外，我们通过分析母体和脐带血来评估胎盘抗体转移。
结果
我们的结果表明，与母体血液相比，当前的 COVID-19 疫苗接种在脐带血中引起了针对武汉和 Omicron BA1 株的 RBD 特异性结合 IgG 滴度显著升高。有趣的是，与武汉株相比，母体和脐带血中的 Omicron BA1 株的结合 IgG 抗体水平显著降低。与结合不同，与武汉和 Delta 变体相比，Omicron BA1、BA2 和 BA4/5 特异性中和抗体水平显著降低。有趣的是，无论是在母体血还是脐带血中，都未检测到 BA4/5 的中和能力。
讨论
我们的数据表明，最初的 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗系列在孕妇中具有免疫原性，并且在武汉和 Delta 变体中，在脐带血中检测到了疫苗诱导的结合抗体，水平显著高于 Omicron 变体，但对 Omicron 变体没有诱导中和抗体。这些结果为疫苗接种对 SARS-CoV-2 变体的母体体液免疫反应和胎盘抗体转移的影响提供了新的见解，并支持随着新变体的出现需要使用二价加强针。
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