Vatsyayan Ritwik, Lee Jihwan, Bourhis Andrew M, Tchoe Youngbin, Cleary Daniel R, Tonsfeldt Karen J, Lee Keundong, Montgomery-Walsh Rhea, Paulk Angelique C, U Hoi Sang, Cash Sydney S, Dayeh Shadi A
Integrated Electronics and Biointerfaces Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA.
Integrated Electronics and Biointerfaces Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA.
MRS Bull. 2023 May;48(5):531-546. doi: 10.1557/s43577-023-00537-0. Epub 2023 May 31.
Electrophysiological recording and stimulation are the gold standard for functional mapping during surgical and therapeutic interventions as well as capturing cellular activity in the intact human brain. A critical component probing human brain activity is the interface material at the electrode contact that electrochemically transduces brain signals to and from free charge carriers in the measurement system. Here, we summarize state-of-the-art electrode array systems in the context of translation for use in recording and stimulating human brain activity. We leverage parametric studies with multiple electrode materials to shed light on the varied levels of suitability to enable high signal-to-noise electrophysiological recordings as well as safe electrophysiological stimulation delivery. We discuss the effects of electrode scaling for recording and stimulation in pursuit of high spatial resolution, channel count electrode interfaces, delineating the electrode-tissue circuit components that dictate the electrode performance. Finally, we summarize recent efforts in the connectorization and packaging for high channel count electrode arrays and provide a brief account of efforts toward wireless neuronal monitoring systems.
在手术和治疗干预期间进行功能映射以及记录完整人脑中的细胞活动时，电生理记录和刺激是金标准。探测人类大脑活动的一个关键组成部分是电极触点处的界面材料，它能将大脑信号与测量系统中的自由电荷载流子进行电化学转换。在此，我们在用于记录和刺激人类大脑活动的转化背景下总结了最先进的电极阵列系统。我们利用对多种电极材料的参数研究，以阐明不同程度的适用性，从而实现高信噪比的电生理记录以及安全的电生理刺激传递。我们讨论了电极缩放对记录和刺激的影响，以追求高空间分辨率、高通道数电极接口，描绘出决定电极性能的电极 - 组织电路组件。最后，我们总结了在高通道数电极阵列的连接和封装方面的最新成果，并简要介绍了在无线神经元监测系统方面的努力。
