鉴定小蜂虻的性染色体和初级性别比，小蜂虻是一种世界性的蜜蜂寄生虫。
Identification of sex chromosomes and primary sex ratio in the small hive beetle, a worldwide parasite of honey bees.
机构信息
Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China.
Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
出版信息
Gigascience. 2022 Dec 28;12. doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giad056. Epub 2023 Jul 25.
BACKGROUND
The small hive beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida, has emerged as a worldwide threat to honey bees in the past two decades. These beetles harvest nest resources, feed on larval bees, and ultimately spoil nest resources with gelatinous slime together with the fungal symbiont Kodamaea ohmeri.
RESULTS
Here, we present the first chromosome-level genome assembly for the SHB. With a 99.1% representation of conserved (BUSCO) arthropod genes, this resource enables the study of chemosensory, digestive, and detoxification traits critical for SHB success and possible control. We use this annotated assembly to characterize features of SHB sex chromosomes and a female-skewed primary sex ratio. We also found chromosome fusion and a lower recombination rate in sex chromosomes than in autosomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Genome-enabled insights will clarify the traits that allowed this beetle to exploit hive resources successfully and will be critical for determining the causes of observed sex ratio asymmetries.
背景
在过去的二十年中，小蜂虻（SHB），Aethina tumida，已成为全球蜜蜂的威胁。这些甲虫采集巢资源，以幼虫为食，最终与真菌共生体 Kodamaea ohmeri 一起用胶状粘液破坏巢资源。
结果
在这里，我们为 SHB 提供了第一个染色体水平的基因组组装。该资源保留了 99.1%的节肢动物保守（BUSCO）基因，可用于研究对 SHB 成功和可能控制至关重要的化学感觉、消化和解毒特性。我们使用这个注释组装来描述 SHB 性染色体的特征和雌性偏斜的主要性别比例。我们还发现性染色体融合和重组率低于常染色体。
结论
基因组使我们能够更清楚地了解这种甲虫成功利用蜂巢资源的特性，这对于确定观察到的性别比例不对称的原因至关重要。
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