Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30307, USA.
BMC Med. 2023 Jul 27;21(1):273. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-02995-4.
In the dynamic landscape of respiratory virus vaccines, it is crucial to assess the value of novel mRNA and combination influenza/COVID-19 vaccines in low- and middle-income countries. Modeling studies, such as the one conducted by Waterlow et al., provide vital information about the cost-benefit potential of these products compared to currently licensed vaccines. However, this approach only accounts for directly measured medically attended influenza-associated illnesses and has two major limitations. First, this method fails to capture the full disease burden of influenza (including non-respiratory and non-medically attended influenza illnesses), which are particularly important drivers of disease burden in infants and older adults. Second, the model does not describe the ancillary benefits of influenza vaccination such as the attenuation of severe disease, prevention of severe non-respiratory outcomes (e.g., myocardial infarctions), or reduced antibiotic use. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the benefits of influenza vaccines, we must strive to improve the inputs for future modeling-based evaluations.
在呼吸道病毒疫苗的动态领域中，评估新型 mRNA 疫苗和流感/COVID-19 联合疫苗在中低收入国家的价值至关重要。Waterlow 等人进行的建模研究提供了有关这些产品与目前许可疫苗相比的成本效益潜力的重要信息。然而，这种方法仅考虑了直接测量的与流感相关的需要医疗照顾的疾病，并且存在两个主要局限性。首先，这种方法无法捕捉流感的全部疾病负担（包括非呼吸道和无需医疗照顾的流感疾病），而这些疾病在婴儿和老年人中是疾病负担的重要驱动因素。其次，该模型并未描述流感疫苗接种的辅助效益，例如减轻严重疾病、预防严重非呼吸道后果（如心肌梗死）或减少抗生素使用。为了全面了解流感疫苗的效益，我们必须努力改进未来基于模型的评估的投入。
