Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China.
Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A.
Phytopathology. 2023 Dec;113(12):2143-2151. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-05-23-0170-RVW. Epub 2023 Dec 26.
Fire blight, caused by the plant-pathogenic bacterium , is a devastating disease that occurs on rosaceous plants, including pears and apples. is indigenous to North America and was spread to the Eurasian continent in the second half of the 20th century through contaminated plant materials. In 2016, fire blight was first observed in Yili, Xinjiang Province, in Northwestern China. Since then, it has spread to most pear-producing regions in Xinjiang Province and parts of Gansu Province. The disease has caused severe damage to China's pear and apple industries, including the 2017 disease epidemic in Korla, Xinjiang, which caused an overall yield reduction of 30 to about 50% in Korla and the destruction of over 1 million pear trees. Over the past few years, a combined effort of research, extension, and education by the Chinese government, scientists, and fruit growers has greatly alleviated outbreaks and epidemics in affected regions while successfully limiting the further spread of fire blight to new geographical regions. Here, we review the occurrence, spread, and damage of this disease to the Chinese fruit industry, as well as the management options used in China and their outcomes. We also discuss future perspectives for restraining the spread and alleviating the damage of fire blight in China.
火疫病由植物病原菌引起，是一种毁灭性疾病，发生在蔷薇科植物上，包括梨树和苹果树。它原产于北美洲，在 20 世纪下半叶通过受污染的植物材料传播到欧亚大陆。2016 年，火疫病首次在中国西北部的新疆伊犁观察到。此后，它已蔓延到新疆大部分梨产区和甘肃部分地区。该疾病对中国的梨和苹果产业造成了严重破坏，包括 2017 年新疆库尔勒的疫情，导致库尔勒整体减产 30%至 50%左右，超过 100 万棵梨树被毁。在过去的几年里，中国政府、科学家和果农通过研究、推广和教育的综合努力，极大地缓解了受影响地区的疫情爆发和流行，成功地限制了火疫病向新的地理区域的进一步传播。在这里，我们回顾了这种疾病在中国水果产业中的发生、传播和危害，以及中国使用的管理选项及其结果。我们还讨论了限制火疫病在中国传播和减轻其危害的未来展望。
