Martí-Quijal Francisco J, Castagnini Juan Manuel, Ruiz María-José, Barba Francisco J
Research Group in Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Food (ALISOST), Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Research Group in Alternative Methods for Determining TOXICS Effects and Risk Assessment of Contaminants and Mixtures (RiskTox), Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Foods. 2023 Jul 16;12(14):2717. doi: 10.3390/foods12142717.
Fish side streams are an environmental and economic problem. In this work, pulsed electric fields (PEF) extraction was optimized and used as a new method for their valorization. Sea bass head, skin, viscera, and backbone were used. PEF technology (123-300 kJ/kg, 1-3 kV/cm) improved the extraction of proteins and antioxidant compounds from head and skin, but was not successful for viscera. SDS-PAGE showed that the protein molecular weight distribution was affected by the extraction process, revealing differences between the control and PEF extraction conditions. In addition, the extraction of macro-minerals and micro-minerals were also evaluated. The effect of PEF differed according to the matrix and the mineral studied. Heavy metals were also taken into account, studying the presence of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb in the extracts. PEF pre-treatment reduced the presence of As in skin, viscera, and backbone, ranging from 18.25 to 28.48% according to the matrix evaluated. The analysis of potential antioxidant bioactive peptides showed that the treatment of the sample directly influenced their variety. Additionally, the extracts obtained from the head were found to increase cell viability when tested on SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, PEF extraction can be a useful tool for the valorization of fish side streams.
鱼的副产物溪流是一个环境和经济问题。在这项工作中，对脉冲电场（PEF）提取进行了优化，并将其用作一种新的增值方法。使用了海鲈的头部、皮肤、内脏和脊椎骨。PEF技术（123 - 300 kJ/kg，1 - 3 kV/cm）提高了从头部和皮肤中提取蛋白质和抗氧化化合物的效率，但对内脏提取效果不佳。SDS - PAGE显示蛋白质分子量分布受提取过程影响，揭示了对照和PEF提取条件之间的差异。此外，还评估了常量矿物质和微量矿物质的提取。PEF的效果因基质和所研究的矿物质而异。还考虑了重金属，研究了提取物中砷、镉、汞和铅的存在情况。PEF预处理降低了皮肤、内脏和脊椎骨中砷的含量，根据评估的基质不同，降低幅度在18.25%至28.48%之间。对潜在抗氧化生物活性肽的分析表明，样品处理直接影响其种类。此外，当在SH - SY5Y细胞上进行测试时，从头部获得的提取物能提高细胞活力。总之，PEF提取可成为鱼副产物增值的有用工具。
