State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Viruses. 2023 Jul 21;15(7):1591. doi: 10.3390/v15071591.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), members of the genus Coronavirus, mainly cause acute diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration in piglets, and thus lead to serious economic losses. In this study, we investigated the effects of nicotinamide (NAM) on PEDV and PDCoV replication and found that NAM treatment significantly inhibited PEDV and PDCoV reproduction. Moreover, NAM plays an important role in replication processes. NAM primarily inhibited PEDV and PDCoV RNA and protein synthesis rather than other processes. Furthermore, we discovered that NAM treatment likely inhibits the replication of PEDV and PDCoV by downregulating the expression of transcription factors through activation of the ERK1/2/MAPK pathway. Overall, this study is the first to suggest that NAM might be not only an important antiviral factor for swine intestinal coronavirus, but also a potential candidate to be evaluated in the context of other human and animal coronaviruses.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）和猪德尔塔冠状病毒（PDCoV）属于冠状病毒属，主要引起仔猪急性腹泻、呕吐和脱水，从而导致严重的经济损失。在本研究中，我们研究了烟酰胺（NAM）对 PEDV 和 PDCoV 复制的影响，发现 NAM 处理显著抑制了 PEDV 和 PDCoV 的繁殖。此外，NAM 在复制过程中发挥了重要作用。NAM 主要抑制 PEDV 和 PDCoV 的 RNA 和蛋白质合成，而不是其他过程。此外，我们发现 NAM 处理可能通过激活 ERK1/2/MAPK 通路下调转录因子的表达来抑制 PEDV 和 PDCoV 的复制。总的来说，这项研究首次表明，NAM 可能不仅是猪肠道冠状病毒的重要抗病毒因子，而且可能是评估其他人类和动物冠状病毒的潜在候选药物。
