Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 2330 Post St Ste 460, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Occupational Health Branch, California Department of Public Health, 850 Marina Bay Parkway P-3, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2023 Sep;44(3):635-649. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2023.03.016. Epub 2023 May 9.
Occupation is an important contributor to disparities in respiratory disease, affecting financial status, health-care access, and exposure to hazardous substances. Although occupation and associated exposures are included in the socioecological models, work exposures remain persistently absent from research on health inequities and their contribution to health. This article focuses on the occupational contribution to disparities in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, silicosis, coronavirus disease 2019, and lung cancer. Because occupational exposures are largely preventable through proper workplace controls, the recognition of occupational causes of disease can provide an opportunity for interventions to bring about health equity.
职业是导致呼吸疾病差异的一个重要因素,它会影响财务状况、医疗保健的可及性以及接触有害物质的情况。尽管职业和相关暴露已被纳入社会生态学模型,但工作暴露在健康不平等及其对健康的贡献的研究中仍然持续缺失。本文重点关注职业对哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、矽肺、2019 冠状病毒病和肺癌等疾病差异的贡献。由于职业暴露在很大程度上可以通过适当的工作场所控制来预防,因此认识到疾病的职业原因可以为实现健康公平提供干预机会。