Din Israr Ud, Khan Salman, Khan Fahim Ullah, Khan Majid, Khan Muhammad Nauman, Hafeez Aqsa, Wahab Sana, Wahid Nazima, Ali Baber, Qasim Umair Bin, Manan Fazal, Alwahibi Mona S, Elshikh Mohamed S, Ercisli Sezai, Khalifa Ebaa Mohamed Ali
The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan.
Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
ACS Omega. 2023 Jul 11;8(29):25988-25998. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01981. eCollection 2023 Jul 25.
Wheat ( L.) is a prominent grain crop. The goal of the current experiment was to examine the genetic potential of advanced bread wheat genotypes for yield and stripe rust resistance. Ninety-three bread wheat genotypes including three varieties (Kohat-2017, Pakistan-2013, and Morocco) were field tested in augmented design as observational nurseries at three locations (i.e., Kohat, Nowshera, and Peshawar) during the 2018-19 crop season. Various parameters related to yield and stripe rust resistance showed significant differences among genotypes for most of the characters with few exceptions. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all the genotypes for all the traits at all three sites with few exceptions where nonsignificant differences were noticed among genotypes. Averaged over three locations, genotypes exhibiting maximum desirable values for yield and yield components were KT-86 (325 tillers) for tillers m, KT-50 (2.86 g) for grain weight spike, KT-49 (41.6 g) for 1000-grain weight, KT-50 (74 grains) for grains spikes, KT-55 (4.76 g) for spike weight, and KT-36 and KT-072 (4586 kg ha) for grain yield. Correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had a significant positive correlation with grain spike and grain weight spike at Kohat, with grains spike, tillers m, and grain weight spike at Nowshera, and with plant height, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, and tillers m at Peshawar. Molecular marker data and host response in the field at the adult stage revealed that and are both still effective in providing adequate resistance to wheat against prevalent races of stripe rust. Four lines showing desirable lower average coefficient of infection (ACI) values without carrying and genes show the presence of unique/new resistance gene(s) in the genetic composition of these four lines. Genotype KT-072 (4586 kg ha and 1.3 ACI), KT-07 (4416 kg ha and 4.3 ACI), KT-10 (4346 kg ha and 1.0 ACI), and KT-62 (4338 kg ha and 2.7 ACI) showed maximum values for grain yield and low desirable ACI values, and these lines could be recommended for general cultivation after procedural requirements of variety release.
小麦（L.）是一种重要的粮食作物。当前实验的目的是研究优质面包小麦基因型在产量和抗条锈病方面的遗传潜力。2018 - 19作物季期间，93个面包小麦基因型（包括3个品种，即Kohat - 2017、Pakistan - 2013和摩洛哥）在三个地点（即Kohat、瑙谢拉和白沙瓦）以增广设计作为观测圃进行田间试验。与产量和抗条锈病相关的各种参数在大多数性状上基因型间存在显著差异，少数例外。方差分析表明，除少数基因型间差异不显著的情况外，所有三个地点所有基因型的所有性状均存在显著变异。在三个地点的平均值中，在每平方米分蘖数方面表现出最大理想值的基因型是KT - 86（325个分蘖），在穗粒重方面是KT - 50（2.86克），在千粒重方面是KT - 49（41.6克），在每穗粒数方面是KT - 50（74粒），在穗重方面是KT - 55（4.76克），在籽粒产量方面是KT - 36和KT - 072（4586千克/公顷）。相关性分析表明，在Kohat，籽粒产量与每穗粒数和穗粒重呈显著正相关；在瑙谢拉，与每穗粒数、每平方米分蘖数和穗粒重呈显著正相关；在白沙瓦，与株高、穗重、千粒重和每平方米分蘖数呈显著正相关。分子标记数据和田间成株期的寄主反应表明，[具体基因名称缺失]对小麦抵抗条锈病流行小种仍均有效。四个表现出较低平均感染系数（ACI）值且未携带[具体基因名称缺失]基因的品系表明，这四个品系的遗传组成中存在独特/新的抗性基因。基因型KT - 072（4586千克/公顷和ACI为1.3）、KT - 07（4416千克/公顷和ACI为4.3）、KT - 10（4346千克/公顷和ACI为1.0）和KT - 62（4338千克/公顷和ACI为2.7）在籽粒产量方面表现出最大值且ACI值较低，这些品系在满足品种审定程序要求后可推荐用于大面积种植。
