School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Institute of Materiobiology, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2023 Aug 14;52(16):5684-5705. doi: 10.1039/d2cs00845a.
How far we can push chemical self-assembly is one of the most important scientific questions of the century. Colloidal self-assembly is a bottom-up technique for the rational design of functional materials with desirable collective properties. Due to the programmability of DNA base pairing, surface modification of colloidal particles with DNA has become fundamental for programmable material self-assembly. However, there remains an ever-lasting demand for surface regioselective encoding to realize assemblies that require specific, directional, and orthogonal interactions. Recent advances in surface chemistry have enabled regioselective control over the formation of DNA bonds on the particle surface. In particular, the structural DNA nanotechnology provides a simple yet powerful design strategy with unique regioselective addressability, bringing the complexity of colloidal self-assembly to an unprecedented level. In this review, we summarize the state-of-art advances in DNA-mediated regioselective surface encoding of colloids, with a focus on how the regioselective encoding is introduced and how the regioselective DNA recognition plays a crucial role in the self-assembly of colloidal structures. This review highlights the advantages of DNA-based regioselective modification in improving the complexity of colloidal assembly, and outlines the challenges and opportunities for the construction of more complex architectures with tailored functionalities.
我们能在多大程度上推动化学自组装是本世纪最重要的科学问题之一。胶体自组装是一种自下而上的技术，可用于合理设计具有理想集体性质的功能材料。由于 DNA 碱基配对的可编程性，用 DNA 对胶体粒子进行表面修饰已成为可编程材料自组装的基础。然而，仍然需要对表面进行区域选择性编码，以实现需要特定、定向和正交相互作用的组装。最近表面化学的进展使得能够对粒子表面上 DNA 键的形成进行区域选择性控制。特别是，结构 DNA 纳米技术提供了一种简单而强大的设计策略，具有独特的区域选择性寻址能力，将胶体自组装的复杂性提升到了前所未有的水平。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 DNA 介导的胶体区域选择性表面编码的最新进展，重点介绍了如何引入区域选择性编码以及区域选择性 DNA 识别如何在胶体结构的自组装中发挥关键作用。这篇综述强调了基于 DNA 的区域选择性修饰在提高胶体组装复杂性方面的优势，并概述了构建具有定制功能的更复杂结构的挑战和机遇。
