Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center (THC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 31;13(1):12401. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39614-4.
The term "geriatric giants" refers to the chronic disabilities of senescence leading to adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of geriatric giants in Southern Iran. The participants were selected from Bushehr city using a multistage cluster random sampling method. Demographic data were collected through interviews. Frailty, incontinence, immobility, depression, cognitive impairment, and malnutrition were measured by questionnaires and instruments. Finally, data from 2392 participants were analyzed. The prevalence of fecal incontinence was less than 1% among all participants and similar in men and women. In contrast, compared with men, women had higher prevalence of urinary incontinence (36.44% vs. 17.65%), depression (39.05% vs. 12.89%), anorexia and malnutrition (2.35% vs. 0.82%), immobility (8.00% vs. 2.5%), frailty (16.84 vs. 7.34), and pre-frailty (54.19 vs. 38.63%). The prevalence of dependence and cognitive impairment was also higher in women and considerably increased with the age of participants. In total, 12.07% of subjects were frail, and 46.76% were pre-frail. The prevalence of frailty exponentially increased in older age, ranging from 4.18% among those aged 60-64 years to 57.35% in those aged ≥ 80 years. Considering 95% confidence interval (CI), multivariate logistic regression revealed that low physical activity [odds ratio (OR) 31.73 (18.44-54.60)], cancer (OR 3.28 (1.27-8.44)), depression [OR 2.42 (1.97-2.98)], age [OR 1.11 (1.08-1.14)], waist circumference [OR 1.03 (1.01-1.06)], BMI [OR 1.07 (1.01-1.14)], MNA score [OR 0.85 (0.79-0.92)], polypharmacy [OR 2.26 (1.30-3.95)] and male gender [OR 0.63 (0.42-0.93)] were independently associated with frailty. White blood cell count (WBC), smoking, marital status, and number of comorbidities were not independently associated with frailty. Low physical activity was the strongest predictor of frailty, which may need more attention in geriatric care. Frailty, its predictors, and other components of geriatric giants were considerably more common among women and older ages.
“老年巨人”一词指的是导致不良健康结果的衰老引起的慢性残疾。本研究旨在调查伊朗南部老年巨人的患病率和预测因素。参与者通过多阶段聚类随机抽样方法从布什尔市中选取。通过访谈收集人口统计学数据。通过问卷和仪器测量虚弱、尿失禁、活动能力丧失、抑郁、认知障碍和营养不良。最后，对 2392 名参与者的数据进行了分析。所有参与者中粪便失禁的患病率不到 1%，且男性和女性的患病率相似。相比之下，与男性相比，女性尿失禁的患病率更高（36.44%比 17.65%），抑郁（39.05%比 12.89%），食欲不振和营养不良（2.35%比 0.82%），活动能力丧失（8.00%比 2.5%），虚弱（16.84%比 7.34%）和衰弱前期（54.19%比 38.63%）。女性的依赖性和认知障碍的患病率也更高，且随着参与者年龄的增长而显著增加。总的来说，12.07%的受试者虚弱，46.76%衰弱前期。虚弱的患病率随着年龄的增长呈指数级增加，范围从 60-64 岁的 4.18%到 80 岁及以上的 57.35%。考虑到 95%置信区间（CI），多变量逻辑回归显示，低体力活动[比值比（OR）31.73（18.44-54.60）]，癌症（OR 3.28（1.27-8.44）]，抑郁[OR 2.42（1.97-2.98）]，年龄[OR 1.11（1.08-1.14）]，腰围[OR 1.03（1.01-1.06）]，BMI[OR 1.07（1.01-1.14）]，MNA 评分[OR 0.85（0.79-0.92）]，多药治疗[OR 2.26（1.30-3.95）]和男性[OR 0.63（0.42-0.93）]与虚弱独立相关。白细胞计数（WBC）、吸烟、婚姻状况和合并症数量与虚弱不独立相关。低体力活动是虚弱的最强预测因子，在老年护理中可能需要更多关注。虚弱及其预测因素以及老年巨人的其他组成部分在女性和老年人群中更为常见。
