体育锻炼计划对中国肾移植受者的影响：一项前瞻性随机对照试验。
The effects of a physical exercise program in Chinese kidney transplant recipients: a prospective randomised controlled trial.
作者信息
Zhang Pengpeng, Liu Shan, Zhu Xiao, Liu Huan, Zeng Le, Yan Jin, Liu Jia
机构信息
Department of Transplantation, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Adelphi University College of Nursing and Public Health, Garden City, NY, USA.
出版信息
Clin Kidney J. 2023 Mar 25;16(8):1316-1329. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfad065. eCollection 2023 Aug.
BACKGROUND
Kidney transplant has become the preferred therapy for end-stage renal disease. However, kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) still face several challenges, such as physical inactivity. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a nurse-led physical exercise program in Chinese KTRs.
METHODS
A total of 106 participants were enrolled from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between July 2021 and June 2022 and randomly assigned to the control or intervention groups. Participants in the control group were provided with routine nursing care and participants in the intervention group received a nurse-led rigorous physical exercise program that was divided into two stages: the pre-discharge stage and the post-discharge stage. The pre-discharge stage included the non-ambulatory and ambulatory stages. The Chinese traditional exercise Baduanjin was incorporated into the physical exercise during the ambulatory stage. The post-discharge stage continued the same exercise as the ambulatory stage at home. After 3 months of intervention, both groups received the same follow-up for 3 months. The primary and secondary outcomes of all participants were collected. The data were analysed with repeated measures analysis of variance to examine the effectiveness of the intervention.
RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the intervention group had less fatigue and more motivation to be active in primary outcomes. Moreover, patients in the intervention group had a higher phase angle, a longer 6-minute walk distance, more 30-second chair stand times and decreased anxiety and depression levels in secondary outcomes. No adverse events were observed during the intervention. There were no significant differences in all dimensions of the quality-of-life questionnaire between the intervention and the control group.
CONCLUSION
Chinese KTRs could benefit from the nurse-led physical exercise program post-operatively.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ChiCTR2100048755.
背景
肾移植已成为终末期肾病的首选治疗方法。然而，肾移植受者（KTRs）仍面临诸多挑战，如身体活动不足。本研究旨在探讨由护士主导的体育锻炼计划对中国肾移植受者的影响。
方法
2021年7月至2022年6月期间，共有106名参与者从中南大学湘雅三医院招募，并随机分配至对照组或干预组。对照组参与者接受常规护理，干预组参与者接受由护士主导的严格体育锻炼计划，该计划分为两个阶段：出院前阶段和出院后阶段。出院前阶段包括非步行阶段和步行阶段。在步行阶段，将中国传统运动八段锦纳入体育锻炼中。出院后阶段在家中继续进行与步行阶段相同的锻炼。干预3个月后，两组均接受相同的3个月随访。收集所有参与者的主要和次要结局数据。采用重复测量方差分析对数据进行分析，以检验干预的有效性。
结果
与对照组相比，干预组在主要结局方面疲劳感减轻，活动积极性更高。此外，干预组患者在次要结局方面具有更高的相位角、更长的6分钟步行距离、更多的30秒椅子站立次数，焦虑和抑郁水平降低。干预期间未观察到不良事件。干预组和对照组在生活质量问卷的所有维度上均无显著差异。
结论
中国肾移植受者术后可从由护士主导的体育锻炼计划中获益。
试验注册
ChiCTR2100048755。
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