Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
BMJ Open. 2023 Aug 2;13(8):e073303. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073303.
This study aimed to investigate the work engagement of clinical nursing teachers and examine whether psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support mediates the association between role stress and work engagement among clinical nursing teachers.
A cross-sectional study design was used.
This study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals affiliated with medical universities in Shandong Province, China.
A total of 412 clinical nursing teachers were recruited out of which 406 completed the questionnaires effectively.
Questionnaires were administered offline and the items consisted of social demographic characteristics, scale related to role stress, psychological capital, perceived supervisor social support and work engagement. T-tests, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS, and mediation analysis was performed using structural equation modelling.
The work engagement scores of clinical nursing teachers were high, with an average score of 4.76±0.69. Structural equation modelling showed a good fit of the data to the hypothesised model. Role stress did not directly affect work engagement (β=0.057, p>0.001). However, a strong indirect effect of role stress on work engagement (β=-0.373, p<0.001) mediated by psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support was observed, with path coefficient of -0.319 (p<0.01) and -0.054 (p<0.01), respectively. The model explains 57% of the variance in work engagement.
Psychological capital and perceived supervisor social support fully mediated the relationship between role stress and work engagement among clinical nursing teachers. Thus, to promote the work engagement of clinical nursing teachers, their psychological capital needs to be improved. Furthermore, superiors should provide more support, particularly to clinical nursing teachers experiencing high role stress.
本研究旨在探讨临床护理教师的工作投入情况，并检验心理资本和感知主管社会支持是否在角色压力与临床护理教师工作投入之间起中介作用。
采用横断面研究设计。
本研究在中国山东省的五所医科大学附属医院进行。
共招募了 412 名临床护理教师，其中 406 名有效完成了问卷。
线下发放问卷，内容包括社会人口统计学特征、与角色压力相关的量表、心理资本、感知主管社会支持和工作投入。采用 SPSS 进行 t 检验、单因素方差分析和 Pearson 相关分析，采用结构方程模型进行中介分析。
临床护理教师的工作投入得分较高，平均得分为 4.76±0.69。结构方程模型显示数据与假设模型拟合良好。角色压力与工作投入之间无直接影响（β=0.057，p>0.001）。然而，角色压力通过心理资本和感知主管社会支持对工作投入产生了很强的间接影响（β=-0.373，p<0.001），路径系数分别为-0.319（p<0.01）和-0.054（p<0.01）。该模型解释了工作投入 57%的方差。
心理资本和感知主管社会支持完全中介了角色压力与临床护理教师工作投入之间的关系。因此，要提高临床护理教师的工作投入，需要提高他们的心理资本。此外，上级应提供更多支持，特别是对角色压力大的临床护理教师。
