Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Afr Health Sci. 2023 Mar;23(1):553-564. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.58.
Lifestyle and vulnerability to stress are major determinants of age-related health outcomes.
To assess the lifestyle and health states of older adults, and evaluate their personality-related vulnerability to stress, to enable improved and targeted health promotional activities.
A hospital record review and a purposive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 respondents who were ≥ 50 years old, and visited the General Hospital Oyo, South-western Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was performed using SPSS version 21. Analysis of vulnerability to stress was performed by the addition of scores from Marshal's personality stress prone test. Lifestyle were measured by frequencies and Chi-Square tests, while presence of chronic diseases was measured by respondents' past prescriptions, from the hospital case notes. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
A total of 200 respondents participated in the study. Majority, 156 (78.0%) were 50-59 years old and self-employed 96 (46.0%). Ninety-three (46.5%) smoked, 65 (32.3%) consumed alcohol, 128 (64.0%) had periodic exercise and 67 (33.3%) experienced insomnia. Majority (60.5%) were vulnerable to stress, and this was significantly associated with age (P=0.001), marital status (P=0.021), body weight (P=0.05), occupation (P=0.002) and income (P=0.002). From the retrospective study, most frequently prescribed drugs were anti-hypertensives 225 (69.7%), vitamins/minerals (49.5%), sedatives 158 (48.9%) and analgesics 158 (48.9%) respectively.
Periodic exercise, alcohol use, and smoking were reported at varying degrees. High prevalence of vulnerability to stress and use of anti-hypertensives were also observed, and vulnerability to stress was associated with selected socio-demographics. These findings reinforce the need for routine education of this category of populace on healthy lifestyle for improved health.
生活方式和对压力的脆弱性是与年龄相关的健康结果的主要决定因素。
评估老年人的生活方式和健康状况，并评估他们与个性相关的压力脆弱性，以便开展更好和更有针对性的健康促进活动。
对 200 名年龄在 50 岁以上、访问尼日利亚西南部奥约综合医院的受访者进行了医院病历回顾和有意的横断面研究。使用 SPSS 版本 21 进行描述性统计分析。通过马歇尔人格压力易感性测试的分数相加来分析压力的脆弱性。生活方式通过频率和卡方检验来衡量，而慢性疾病的存在则通过受访者从医院病历中的过去处方来衡量。P<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
共有 200 名受访者参加了这项研究。大多数人（78.0%）为 50-59 岁，自雇人士为 96 人（46.0%）。93 人（46.5%）吸烟，65 人（32.3%）饮酒，128 人（64.0%）定期锻炼，67 人（33.3%）失眠。大多数人（60.5%）易受压力影响，且这与年龄（P=0.001）、婚姻状况（P=0.021）、体重（P=0.05）、职业（P=0.002）和收入（P=0.002）显著相关。从回顾性研究中，开处方最多的药物分别为抗高血压药 225 种（69.7%）、维生素/矿物质 49 种（49.5%）、镇静剂 158 种（48.9%）和镇痛药 158 种（48.9%）。
报告了不同程度的定期锻炼、饮酒和吸烟。还观察到压力易感性和使用抗高血压药物的高患病率，且压力易感性与某些社会人口统计学因素相关。这些发现强调了需要对这一类人群进行常规的健康教育，以促进健康的生活方式。
