印度尼西亚西爪哇急性冠状动脉综合征患者健康相关生活质量的相关因素：一项相关性研究。
Factors related to health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome in West Java, Indonesia: A correlational study.
作者信息
Imam Haerul, Jitpanya Chanokporn
机构信息
Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Srisavarindhira Thai Red Cross Institute of Nursing, Bangkok, Thailand.
出版信息
Belitung Nurs J. 2022 Aug 18;8(4):349-356. doi: 10.33546/bnj.1247. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Although acute coronary syndrome impacts patients' health-related quality of life, a dearth of studies explore this issue in Indonesia. Thus, understanding factors associated with health-related quality of life among patients with acute coronary syndrome is a necessity.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to examine the relationships between age, pain, dyspnea, functional status, self-efficacy, social support, and health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome in West Java, Indonesia.
METHODS
This study employed a descriptive correlational study involving 186 patients with acute coronary syndrome purposively selected in the outpatient clinics of the top referral public hospital. Data were collected in 2020 using validated instruments: Rose Questionnaire for Angina (RQA), Rose Dyspnea Scale (RDS), Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE), ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI), and MacNew Health-Related Quality of Life. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman-rank correlation.
RESULTS
Overall, the health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome was high (Mean = 4.97, SD = 0.92), including in its subscales: emotional (Mean = 4.94, SD = 0.88), physical (Mean = 5.07, SD = 1.12), and social (Mean = 5.05, SD = 1.55) subscales. Significant factors related to health-related quality of life were pain ( = 0.296, <0.001), functional status ( = 0.601, <0.001), dyspnea ( = -0.438, <0.001), and self-efficacy ( = 0.299, <0.001). Meanwhile, age and social support had no significant relationships with health-related quality of life ( = 0.270, = 0.059). Interestingly, social support was significantly correlated with the emotional subscale of health-related quality of life ( = 0.156, = 0.034).
CONCLUSION
Functional status, pain, and self-efficacy were positively correlated with health-related quality of life, while dyspnea had a negative association. This finding serves as basic information for nurses and other healthcare professionals to consider the related factors identified in this study to improve nursing interventions in order to increase health-related quality of life among patients with acute coronary syndrome.
背景
尽管急性冠状动脉综合征会影响患者与健康相关的生活质量，但在印度尼西亚，探索这一问题的研究却很匮乏。因此，了解急性冠状动脉综合征患者中与健康相关生活质量相关的因素很有必要。
目的
本研究旨在探讨印度尼西亚西爪哇急性冠状动脉综合征患者的年龄、疼痛、呼吸困难、功能状态、自我效能感、社会支持与健康相关生活质量之间的关系。
方法
本研究采用描述性相关性研究，在一家顶级转诊公立医院的门诊中，有目的地选取了186例急性冠状动脉综合征患者。2020年使用经过验证的工具收集数据：玫瑰心绞痛问卷（RQA）、玫瑰呼吸困难量表（RDS）、西雅图心绞痛问卷（SAQ）、一般自我效能量表（GSE）、ENRICHD社会支持量表（ESSI）以及MacNew健康相关生活质量量表。使用描述性统计和Spearman等级相关性分析数据。
结果
总体而言，急性冠状动脉综合征患者的健康相关生活质量较高（均值 = 4.97，标准差 = 0.92），包括其各个子量表：情感（均值 = 4.94，标准差 = 0.88）、身体（均值 = 5.07，标准差 = 1.12）和社会（均值 = 5.05，标准差 = 1.55）子量表。与健康相关生活质量相关的显著因素有疼痛（r = 0.296，p <0.001）、功能状态（r = 0.601，p <0.001）、呼吸困难（r = -0.438，p <0.001）和自我效能感（r = 0.299，p <0.001）。同时，年龄和社会支持与健康相关生活质量无显著关系（r = 0.270，p = 0.059）。有趣的是，社会支持与健康相关生活质量的情感子量表显著相关（r = 0.156，p = 0.034）。
结论
功能状态、疼痛和自我效能感与健康相关生活质量呈正相关，而呼吸困难呈负相关。这一发现为护士和其他医疗保健专业人员提供了基本信息，促使他们考虑本研究中确定的相关因素，以改进护理干预措施，从而提高急性冠状动脉综合征患者的健康相关生活质量。
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