Joseph Richard J, Pojednic Rachele M
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Health and Human Performance, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States.
Front Sports Act Living. 2023 Jul 21;5:1156645. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1156645. eCollection 2023.
Performance Medicine is an emerging clinical practice that holds immense promise for advancing preventive health. To date, however, the concept remains imprecise, disorganized, and commercialized. The purpose of this perspective article is to define characteristics, core tenets, and practice standards to help build a common framework. We define performance broadly as "one's capacity to bring energy and attention to what matters most in a given moment". Performance Medicine, therefore, is predicated on the thesis that the critical practices that enhance one's daily wellbeing simultaneously increase both lifespan and healthspan. As a clinical practice, Performance Medicine is proactive and preventive. It focuses on the immediate and actionable strategies to address one's physical, mental, and emotional capabilities every day. The practice employs a values-centered approach that begins with a discovery process to elucidate the client's deeply held beliefs about their health status, life mission and goals, vision for optimal wellbeing, and motivations for change. Subsequent diagnostics and therapies combine evidence-based practices from multiple medical specialties including internal medicine, sports medicine, obesity medicine, integrative medicine, and others. This is complemented by the most recent scientific advancements in nutrition, exercise physiology, sleep, and recovery. The Performance Medicine prescription incorporates a personalized combination of lifestyle-based behavior change practices, evidence-based diagnostics and risk reduction therapies, ongoing monitoring, and community support. Finally, the iterative and incremental process towards enhanced and sustained health is guided and supported by a trusted partnership between the client and a team of expert practitioners and coaches.
功能医学是一种新兴的临床实践，在促进预防保健方面具有巨大潜力。然而，迄今为止，这一概念仍不精确、缺乏条理且商业化。这篇观点文章的目的是定义其特征、核心原则和实践标准，以帮助构建一个通用框架。我们将“功能”广义地定义为“一个人在特定时刻将精力和注意力投入到最重要事情上的能力”。因此，功能医学基于这样一个论点，即增强一个人日常幸福感的关键实践同时会延长寿命和健康寿命。作为一种临床实践，功能医学是积极主动且具有预防性的。它专注于每天应对一个人的身体、心理和情感能力的直接且可操作的策略。该实践采用以价值观为中心的方法，始于一个探索过程，以阐明客户对其健康状况、人生使命和目标、最佳幸福感愿景以及改变动机的根深蒂固的信念。随后的诊断和治疗结合了来自多个医学专业（包括内科、运动医学、肥胖医学、整合医学等）的循证实践。这辅以营养、运动生理学、睡眠和恢复方面的最新科学进展。功能医学处方包含基于生活方式的行为改变实践、循证诊断和风险降低疗法、持续监测以及社区支持的个性化组合。最后，朝着增强和维持健康的迭代和渐进过程由客户与一组专家从业者和教练之间值得信赖的伙伴关系进行指导和支持。
