Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Rudolph Matas Library of the Health Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Health Place. 2023 Sep;83:103089. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103089. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
This scoping review summarized findings and key measures from U.S.-based studies that 1) examined associations between geographic indicators of structural racism (e.g., redlining, racial segregation) and access to food retailers (e.g., supermarkets, convenience stores) or 2) documented disparities in access by neighborhood racial/ethnic composition. In 2022, relevant scientific literature was reviewed using Covidence software. Independent reviewers examined 13,069 citations; 163 citations advanced to the full-text review stage and 70 were selected for inclusion. Twenty-one studies (30%) linked one or more indicator of structural racism to food retailer access while 49 (70%) solely examined differences in access by neighborhood racial/ethnic composition. All studies featuring indicators of structural racism reported significant findings; however, indicators varied across studies making it difficult to make direct comparisons. Key indicators of structural racism in the food access literature included redlining (n = 3), gentrification (n = 3), and racial segregation (n = 4). Many U.S.-based studies have evaluated food retailer access by neighborhood racial/ethnic composition. Moving forward, studies should model indicators of structural racism and determine their influence on geographic access to large and small food retailers.
这篇范围综述总结了美国基于研究的发现和关键措施，这些研究 1）调查了结构种族主义的地理指标（如红线、种族隔离）与获得食品零售商（如超市、便利店）之间的关联，或 2）记录了按邻里种族/族裔构成划分的获得方面的差异。2022 年，使用 Covidence 软件审查了相关科学文献。独立审查员检查了 13069 条引文；163 条引文进入全文审查阶段，其中 70 条被选中纳入。21 项研究（30%）将一个或多个结构种族主义指标与食品零售商的准入联系起来，而 49 项研究（70%）仅研究了邻里种族/族裔构成差异对准入的影响。所有具有结构种族主义指标的研究都报告了重大发现；然而，指标在研究中各不相同，使得难以进行直接比较。食品准入文献中的结构种族主义的关键指标包括红线（n=3）、高档化（n=3）和种族隔离（n=4）。许多基于美国的研究评估了邻里种族/族裔构成对食品零售商准入的影响。今后，研究应建立结构种族主义指标，并确定其对大型和小型食品零售商的地理准入的影响。
