Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Physikalische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2024;284:153-189. doi: 10.1007/164_2023_684.
In this chapter, the visualization of nanocarriers and drugs in cells and tissue is reviewed. This topic is tightly connected to modern drug delivery, which relies on nanoscopic drug formulation approaches and the ability to probe nanoparticulate systems selectively in cells and tissue using advanced spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. We first give an overview of the breadth of this research field. Then, we mainly focus on topical drug delivery to the skin and discuss selected visualization techniques from spectromicroscopy, such as scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging. These techniques rely on the sensitive and quantitative detection of the topically applied drug delivery systems and active substances, either by exploiting their molecular properties or by introducing environmentally sensitive probes that facilitate their detection.
在本章中，我们回顾了纳米载体和药物在细胞和组织中的可视化。这个主题与现代药物输送紧密相关，现代药物输送依赖于纳米级药物制剂方法，以及使用先进的光谱和显微镜技术选择性地在细胞和组织中探测纳米颗粒系统的能力。我们首先概述了这个研究领域的广泛范围。然后，我们主要关注皮肤的局部药物输送，并讨论了从光谱显微镜中选择的可视化技术，如扫描透射 X 射线显微镜和荧光寿命成像。这些技术依赖于对局部应用的药物输送系统和活性物质的敏感和定量检测，要么利用它们的分子特性，要么引入环境敏感探针来促进它们的检测。
