Sadiq Uzma, Shahid Fatima, Gill Harsharn, Chandrapala Jayani
School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
Foods. 2023 Jul 27;12(15):2844. doi: 10.3390/foods12152844.
The degradation of anthraquinones extracted from aloe vera plants can be prevented by encapsulating them in casein micelles (CMs). The oral, gastric, and intestinal digestion behavior of spray-dried microcapsules of casein micelles loaded with aloe vera-extracted anthraquinone powder (CMAQP), freeze-dried powder (CMFDP), and whole-leaf aloe vera gel (CMWLAG) obtained through ultrasonication was investigated. The results found that CMAQP and CMFDP dissolved slowly and coagulated into large curds during gastric digestion, improving the retention of anthraquinones in the digestive tract. In contrast, CMWLAG structure was destroyed and increased amounts of anthraquinones were released during oral and gastric digestion phases, indicating increased amounts of surface anthraquinones instead of the encapsulation of anthraquinones in the interior of CMs. The strong hydrophobic interactions protected anthraquinones within the core of CM for CMAQP and delayed diffusion. However, during SIF digestion, both CMAQP and CMFDP released significant amounts of anthraquinones, although CMAQP showed a much more controlled release for both aloin and aloe-emodin over SIF digestion time. The release behavior of anthraquinones from CM microcapsules was a function of the type of anthraquinone that was used to encapsulate. The present study provides insight into the release behavior of loaded bioactive compounds using food-grade CMs as the wall material during in vitro digestion and highlights the importance of the type of bioactive component form that will be encapsulated.
将芦荟植物中提取的蒽醌封装在酪蛋白胶束（CMs）中，可以防止其降解。研究了通过超声处理得到的负载芦荟提取蒽醌粉末（CMAQP）、冻干粉末（CMFDP）和全叶芦荟凝胶（CMWLAG）的酪蛋白胶束喷雾干燥微胶囊在口腔、胃和肠道中的消化行为。结果发现，CMAQP和CMFDP在胃消化过程中溶解缓慢并凝结成大凝块，提高了蒽醌在消化道中的保留率。相比之下，CMWLAG结构在口腔和胃消化阶段被破坏，蒽醌释放量增加，这表明表面蒽醌量增加，而不是蒽醌被封装在CM内部。强疏水相互作用保护了CMAQP中CM核心内的蒽醌并延迟了扩散。然而，在模拟小肠液（SIF）消化过程中，CMAQP和CMFDP都释放了大量蒽醌，尽管在SIF消化时间内，CMAQP对芦荟苷和芦荟大黄素的释放控制得更好。蒽醌从CM微胶囊中的释放行为取决于用于封装的蒽醌类型。本研究深入了解了在体外消化过程中使用食品级CM作为壁材时负载生物活性化合物的释放行为，并强调了将要封装的生物活性成分形式类型的重要性。
