Paunescu Ramona Aida, Bonciu Elena, Rosculete Elena, Paunescu Gabriela, Rosculete Catalin Aurelian
Syngenta Agro Romania, 73-81 Bucuresti-Ploiesti Street, 013685 Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 28;12(15):2802. doi: 10.3390/plants12152802.
The aim of this work was to study how certain applied cropping systems (conventional systems differentiated by fertilization level or sowing season and subsistence farming) influence yield, quality, productivity elements, and morphological characters in a collection of Romanian and foreign wheat cultivars. The following indicators were evaluated: productive potential (yield), quality (test weight, protein content, wet gluten content, deformation index, sedimentation index, and gluten index), as well as other elements that determine yield (number of ears/square meter, thousand kernel weight, number of grains/ear, and weight of grains/ear) and plant height. The results show that the cropping systems influenced all the elements studied except the thousand-kernel weight. The only characteristics influenced by higher nitrogen fertilization were test weight, protein content, wet gluten content, deformation index, and gluten index. The superiority of a delayed conventional system was shown by the number of grains/wheat ear and the deformation index. Protein content was differentiated between the conventional and the subsistence system, but especially between the low-input and the conventional system. Nitrogen supply is the most important factor for determining wheat productivity and grain quality.
这项工作的目的是研究某些应用的种植系统（因施肥水平或播种季节不同而区分的传统系统以及自给农业）如何影响罗马尼亚和国外小麦品种集合的产量、品质、生产力要素和形态特征。评估了以下指标：生产潜力（产量）、品质（容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、变形指数、沉降指数和面筋指数），以及其他决定产量的要素（每平方米穗数、千粒重、每穗粒数和每穗粒重）和株高。结果表明，种植系统影响了除千粒重之外所研究的所有要素。受较高氮肥影响的唯一特征是容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、变形指数和面筋指数。延迟传统系统的优势体现在每穗小麦粒数和变形指数上。蛋白质含量在传统系统和自给系统之间存在差异，但在低投入系统和传统系统之间差异尤为明显。氮供应是决定小麦生产力和籽粒品质的最重要因素。
