Xie Zhengyan, Yan Yuting, Peng Kejuan
School of International Studies, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jul 28;14:1237005. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1237005. eCollection 2023.
Winnicott is an outstanding representative of the School of Object Relations, and his unique psychoanalytic treatment views have been greatly influential to the psychoanalytical community. Winnicott emphasizes the impact of facilitating environment and the key role of the maternal-child relationship in the early psychological growth of individuals. He puts forward the ideas of the development mechanism of the true self and the false self, which builds a bridge between the characteristics of adult psychopathology and the characteristics of early maternal-child relationships, providing a new perspective for research on individual self-development and psychoanalysis. Winnicott creatively introduces the concepts of the transitional object and the transitional phenomena into the theories of Object Relations. He relates the transitional experience to the field of mental health, and extends it from the relationship between the mother and the child to adult life, which not only has had a revolutionary impact on modern psychoanalysis but also literature, aesthetics, and other fields. Winnicott highlights the importance of the patient's emotional development in the treatment. He advocates holding the patients' sentiments and meeting their emotional needs. He also approves of the emotional reparenting of the patients, to make them gain the ability to establish a relationship with the real world. His treatment views formed through a large number of clinical practices are very practical and full of humanistic care. This review summarizes Winnicott's psychoanalytical treatment views as well as his marvelous original concepts, and analyzes the hot topics of academic research on his theories based on a visualization analysis by using the software CiteSpace, which includes data in the Web of Science Core Collection published from 1978 to 2023 with 365 papers involved. The study provides a macroscopic and panoramic review of Winnicott's theories, and it clearly shows Winnicott's significant influence on the field of psychoanalysis and related fields.
温尼科特是客体关系学派的杰出代表，其独特的精神分析治疗观点对精神分析学界产生了重大影响。温尼科特强调促进性环境的影响以及母婴关系在个体早期心理成长中的关键作用。他提出了真实自我和虚假自我的发展机制观点，在成人精神病理学特征与早期母婴关系特征之间架起了一座桥梁，为个体自我发展和精神分析研究提供了新的视角。温尼科特创造性地将过渡性客体和过渡性现象的概念引入客体关系理论。他将过渡性体验与心理健康领域联系起来，并将其从母婴关系扩展到成人生活，这不仅对现代精神分析产生了革命性影响，也对文学、美学等领域产生了影响。温尼科特在治疗中突出了患者情感发展的重要性。他主张接纳患者的情感并满足他们的情感需求。他还赞成对患者进行情感上的再养育，以使他们获得与现实世界建立关系的能力。他通过大量临床实践形成的治疗观点非常实用且充满人文关怀。本综述总结了温尼科特的精神分析治疗观点及其奇妙的原创概念，并基于使用CiteSpace软件的可视化分析，分析了关于其理论的学术研究热点话题，该分析涵盖了1978年至2023年发表在科学网核心合集中的365篇论文的数据。该研究对温尼科特的理论进行了宏观全景式的综述，并清晰地展示了温尼科特对精神分析领域及相关领域的重大影响。
