Overexpression of in predicting poor prognosis and promoting the development of lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L19 () is a member of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) family. MRPs have a role in the progression of many cancers. However, the role of in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is yet unknown.

METHODS

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to assess expression and clinical relevance. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and the online Kaplan-Meier (KM) Plotter database were used to determine the prognostic significance. Through use of LinkedOmics, genes that were coexpressed with and its regulators were identified. The biological roles of were investigated through R-implemented packages and RNA interference. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) was employed to assess the connection between expression and infiltrated immune cells in LUAD.

RESULTS

expression in LUAD was upregulated and was correlated with lymph node metastasis, differentiation level, and tumor status. was prognostic and associated with poor prognosis. Functional network analysis revealed that may be associated with the cell cycle, cell adhesion molecules, spliceosome, and T-helper cell differentiation and was regulated by several microRNA and the E2F family. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network indicated that was correlated with cancer proliferation signaling pathways. The immune infiltration analysis revealed a correlation between expression and the extent of B cells, CD4 T cells, and dendritic cells' infiltration in LUAD. Additionally, knockdown in LUAD cells substantially reduced cell growth, migration, and invasion of malignant cells.

CONCLUSIONS

The poor prognosis and immunological infiltration in LUAD were significantly associated with , which may have pro-oncogenic effects on the disease.