Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, USA.
Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
J Thromb Haemost. 2023 Oct;21(10):2679-2696. doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.08.004. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
Fibrinolysis is an enzymatic process that breaks down fibrin clots, while dyslipidemia refers to abnormal levels of lipids and lipoproteins in the blood. Both fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism are critical mechanisms that regulate a myriad of functions in the body, and the imbalance of these mechanisms is linked to the development of pathologic conditions, such as thrombotic complications in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Accumulated evidence indicates the close relationship between the 2 seemingly distinct and complicated systems-fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism. Observational studies in humans found that dyslipidemia, characterized by increased blood apoB-lipoprotein and decreased high-density lipoprotein, is associated with lower fibrinolytic potential. Genetic variants of some fibrinolytic regulators are associated with blood lipid levels, supporting a causal relationship between these regulators and lipoprotein metabolism. Mechanistic studies have elucidated many pathways that link the fibrinolytic system and lipoprotein metabolism. Moreover, profibrinolytic therapies improve lipid panels toward an overall cardiometabolic healthier phenotype, while some lipid-lowering treatments increase fibrinolytic potential. The complex relationship between lipoprotein and fibrinolysis warrants further research to improve our understanding of the bidirectional regulation between the mediators of fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism.
纤溶是一种酶促过程，可分解纤维蛋白凝块，而血脂异常是指血液中脂质和脂蛋白水平异常。纤溶和脂蛋白代谢都是调节体内多种功能的关键机制，这些机制的失衡与病理状况的发展有关，如动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病中的血栓并发症。越来越多的证据表明，纤溶和脂蛋白代谢这两个看似截然不同且复杂的系统之间存在密切关系。人类的观察性研究发现，血脂异常的特征是血液载脂蛋白 B-脂蛋白增加和高密度脂蛋白降低，与纤溶潜能降低有关。一些纤溶调节因子的遗传变异与血脂水平相关，支持这些调节因子与脂蛋白代谢之间存在因果关系。机制研究阐明了许多将纤溶系统与脂蛋白代谢联系起来的途径。此外，纤维蛋白溶解促进治疗可改善血脂指标，使整体心血管代谢更健康，而一些降脂治疗可增加纤溶潜能。脂蛋白和纤溶之间的复杂关系需要进一步研究，以提高我们对纤溶和脂蛋白代谢介质之间双向调节的理解。
