Bienefeld Nadine, Kolbe Michaela, Camen Giovanni, Huser Dominic, Buehler Philipp Karl
Work and Organizational Psychology, Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Psychol. 2023 Aug 4;14:1208019. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1208019. eCollection 2023.
In this prospective observational study, we investigate the role of transactive memory and speaking up in human-AI teams comprising 180 intensive care (ICU) physicians and nurses working with AI in a simulated clinical environment. Our findings indicate that interactions with AI agents differ significantly from human interactions, as accessing information from AI agents is positively linked to a team's ability to generate novel hypotheses and demonstrate speaking-up behavior, but only in higher-performing teams. Conversely, accessing information from human team members is negatively associated with these aspects, regardless of team performance. This study is a valuable contribution to the expanding field of research on human-AI teams and team science in general, as it emphasizes the necessity of incorporating AI agents as knowledge sources in a team's transactive memory system, as well as highlighting their role as catalysts for speaking up. Practical implications include suggestions for the design of future AI systems and human-AI team training in healthcare and beyond.
在这项前瞻性观察研究中，我们调查了交互记忆和直言不讳在由180名重症监护（ICU）医生和护士组成的人机协作团队中的作用，这些医护人员在模拟临床环境中与人工智能合作。我们的研究结果表明，与人工智能代理的互动与人际互动显著不同，因为从人工智能代理获取信息与团队产生新假设和展现直言不讳行为的能力呈正相关，但仅在表现较好的团队中如此。相反，从团队成员那里获取信息与这些方面呈负相关，且与团队表现无关。这项研究对人机协作团队以及一般团队科学这一不断扩展的研究领域具有重要贡献，因为它强调了将人工智能代理纳入团队交互记忆系统作为知识来源的必要性，同时突出了它们作为直言不讳催化剂的作用。实际应用包括对未来医疗保健及其他领域人工智能系统设计和人机协作团队培训的建议。
