Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyüan, Taiwan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 22;13(1):13643. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40831-0.
Anisometropia is a unique condition of both eyes and it is associated with vision problems such as amblyopia and reduced stereoacuity. Previous studies have not reported its change pattern by age and its correlation with the refractive condition of both eyes. This study aims to compare the changes in anisometropia by age in children with hyperopia, myopia, and antimetropia. In total, 156 children were included. Children aged 3-11 years with anisometropia ≥ 1.00 D were followed up for ≥ 1 year with ≥ 2 visits at two medical centers in Taiwan. Refractive errors by cycloplegic autorefractometry, best-corrected visual acuity, eye position, and atropine use were recorded. The children were divided into hyperopic, myopic, and antimetropic groups. The results showed that anisometropia decreased in children aged < 6 years (3.34-2.96 D; P = 0.038) and increased in older children (2.16-2.55 D; P = 0.005). In children aged 3, 4, 5, and 6 years, the mean anisometropia was higher in children with myopia and antimetropia than in those with hyperopia (P = 0.005, 0.002, 0.001, and 0.011, respectively). The differences were not significant in children aged > 6 years (all P > 0.05). The factors associated with changes in anisometropia were age, refractive group, amblyopia, and strabismus. Anisometropia decreased with age in children younger than 6 years, and the changes in anisometropia was found in children with myopia and antimetropia.
屈光参差是双眼的一种独特状态，与弱视和立体视锐度降低等视力问题有关。既往研究并未报道其随年龄的变化模式及其与双眼屈光状态的相关性。本研究旨在比较远视、近视和远视性屈光参差儿童的屈光参差随年龄的变化。共纳入 156 名儿童。在台湾的两家医疗中心对年龄为 3-11 岁、屈光度≥1.00 D 的屈光参差儿童进行了至少 1 年、至少 2 次的随访，每次随访均进行散瞳自动验光、最佳矫正视力、眼位和阿托品使用情况的记录。将儿童分为远视组、近视组和远视性屈光参差组。结果显示，年龄<6 岁的儿童屈光参差减小（3.34-2.96 D；P=0.038），年龄较大的儿童屈光参差增加（2.16-2.55 D；P=0.005）。在 3、4、5 和 6 岁的儿童中，近视和远视性屈光参差儿童的平均屈光参差均高于远视儿童（P=0.005、0.002、0.001 和 0.011），而年龄>6 岁的儿童差异无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。与屈光参差变化相关的因素有年龄、屈光组、弱视和斜视。年龄<6 岁的儿童屈光参差随年龄减小，且近视和远视性屈光参差儿童的屈光参差变化。
