教育干预对青少年进食障碍和饮食障碍的疗效：系统评价。
Efficacy of educational interventions in adolescent population with feeding and eating disorders: a systematic review.
机构信息
Mental Health Management, Navarre Health Service, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. Barañain, S/N-31008, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain.
出版信息
Eat Weight Disord. 2023 Aug 22;28(1):69. doi: 10.1007/s40519-023-01594-9.
BACKGROUND
Educational interventions are a key element in the care of young patients with feeding and eating disorders, forming part of the majority of therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to evaluate the impact of educational interventions in adolescents with feeding and eating disorders.
METHODS
Following the PRISMA recommendations electronic databases were searched up to 29 June 2023. Studies related to educational interventions in young population diagnosed with feeding and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, bulimia nervosa, pica and ruminative disorders and binge- eating disorder) in Spanish and English language, without temporal limitation, were located in the databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CUIDEN, DIALNET, and ENFISPO. A search in the databases of grey literature was performed in OpenGrey and Teseo. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020167736).
RESULTS
A total of 191 articles were selected from the 9744 citations screened. Ten publications were included. The results indicated variability between educational programs, including individual and group interventions, learning techniques and various research methodologies. Variables such as learning, attitudinal and perceptual changes, anthropometric parameters, symptom improvement, normalization of eating patterns, evaluation of the program and cognitive flexibility were identified. The risk of bias was high due to the low methodological quality of a large number of studies analyzed.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that educational interventions can influence the improvement of knowledge level and have a positive effect on health outcomes. Although education is a common practice in the treatment of these pathologies, high-quality studies were not identified. Thus, this review concludes that additional evidence is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational programs, with further research studies, especially randomized controlled trials, to confirm these results.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level I: Systematic review.
背景
教育干预是治疗喂养和进食障碍的年轻患者的关键组成部分，构成了大多数治疗方法的一部分。本综述的目的是评估教育干预对患有喂养和进食障碍的青少年的影响。
方法
根据 PRISMA 建议，我们在 2023 年 6 月 29 日之前对电子数据库进行了搜索。在 PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL、Cochrane 图书馆、PsycINFO、CUIDEN、DIALNET 和 ENFISPO 等数据库中，我们找到了与西班牙语和英语中诊断为喂养和进食障碍（神经性厌食症、回避/限制型食物摄入障碍、神经性贪食症、异食癖和反刍障碍以及暴食障碍）的年轻人群相关的教育干预研究，没有时间限制。在 OpenGrey 和 Teseo 中进行了灰色文献数据库搜索。综述方案已在 PROSPERO（CRD42020167736）中注册。
结果
从筛选出的 9744 条引文中共选择了 191 篇文章。纳入了 10 项研究。结果表明，教育计划之间存在差异，包括个体和团体干预、学习技巧和各种研究方法。确定了学习、态度和感知变化、人体测量参数、症状改善、饮食模式正常化、计划评估和认知灵活性等变量。由于分析的大量研究方法质量较低，因此存在很高的偏倚风险。
结论
结果表明，教育干预可以影响知识水平的提高，并对健康结果产生积极影响。尽管教育是这些疾病治疗中的常见做法，但并未确定高质量的研究。因此，本综述得出结论，需要进一步的研究，特别是随机对照试验，以提供更多证据来评估教育计划的有效性，以确认这些结果。
证据水平
一级：系统评价。
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