Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Front Immunol. 2023 Aug 9;14:1231315. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231315. eCollection 2023.
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are clusters of lymphoid cells with an organization that resembles that of secondary lymphoid organs. Both structures share common developmental characteristics, although TLSs usually appear in chronically inflamed non-lymphoid tissues, such as tumors. TLSs contain diverse types of immune cells, with varying degrees of spatial organization that represent different stages of maturation. These structures support both humoral and cellular immune responses, thus the correlation between the existence of TLS and clinical outcomes in cancer patients has been extensively studied. The finding that TLSs are associated with better prognosis in some types of cancer has led to the design of therapeutic strategies based on promoting the formation of these structures. Agents such as chemokines, cytokines, antibodies and cancer vaccines have been used in combination with traditional antitumor treatments to enhance TLS generation, with good results. The induction of TLS formation therefore represents a novel and promising avenue for the treatment of a number of tumor types.
三级淋巴结构（TLSs）是具有类似于次级淋巴器官组织的淋巴样细胞簇。尽管 TLSs 通常出现在慢性炎症的非淋巴组织中，如肿瘤中，但这两种结构具有共同的发育特征。TLSs 含有多种类型的免疫细胞，其空间组织程度不同，代表不同的成熟阶段。这些结构支持体液和细胞免疫反应，因此，TLS 的存在与癌症患者的临床结果之间的相关性已得到广泛研究。在某些类型的癌症中，TLS 与更好的预后相关的发现促使人们设计了基于促进这些结构形成的治疗策略。趋化因子、细胞因子、抗体和癌症疫苗等药物已与传统抗肿瘤治疗联合使用，以增强 TLS 的生成，取得了良好的效果。因此，诱导 TLS 形成代表了治疗多种肿瘤类型的一种新的有前途的途径。
