Pediatrics Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Nephrology Division, St. Mary's Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania.
Nutrients. 2023 Aug 17;15(16):3609. doi: 10.3390/nu15163609.
The human intestinal microbiota is a highly intricate structure with a crucial role in promoting health and preventing disease. It consists of diverse microbial communities that inhabit the gut and contribute to essential functions such as food digestion, nutrient synthesis, and immune system development. The composition and function of the gut microbiota are influenced by a variety of factors, including diet, host genetics, and environmental features. In pediatric patients, the gut microbiota is particularly dynamic and vulnerable to disruption from endogenous and exogenous factors. Recent research has focused on understanding the interaction between the gut and kidneys. In individuals with chronic kidney disease, there is often a significant disturbance in the gut microbiota. This imbalance can be attributed to factors like increased levels of harmful toxins from the gut entering the bloodstream, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This review looks at what is known about the link between a child's gut-kidney axis, how dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the microbiome, affects chronic kidney disease, and what treatments, both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical, are available for this condition.
人类肠道微生物群是一个高度复杂的结构，对促进健康和预防疾病起着至关重要的作用。它由居住在肠道中的多种微生物群落组成，有助于食物消化、营养合成和免疫系统发育等基本功能。肠道微生物群的组成和功能受到多种因素的影响，包括饮食、宿主遗传和环境特征。在儿科患者中，肠道微生物群特别活跃，容易受到内源性和外源性因素的干扰。最近的研究集中在理解肠道和肾脏之间的相互作用。在患有慢性肾脏病的个体中，肠道微生物群通常会出现显著紊乱。这种失衡可归因于肠道内有害毒素水平升高进入血液、炎症和氧化应激等因素。本篇综述探讨了儿童肠道-肾脏轴的已知情况、肠道微生物组失衡如何影响慢性肾脏病，以及针对这种情况的可用治疗方法（包括药物和非药物治疗）。
