Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Aug 28;23(1):1639. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16615-6.
Cholelithiasis is a common digestive system disease that imposes major burden on patients and society. Investigating the relationship between dietary factors and cholelithiasis risk can provide a basis for disease prevention. Previous studies on milk intake and cholelithiasis incidence have been limited.Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the association between milk consumption and the incidence of cholelithiasis in males and females.
We selected 14,722 adults (≥ 18 years old) from National Center for Health Statistics (NHANSE) 2017-2020, and collected general characteristics of patients in the database, such as age, gender, race and body mass index (BMI), as well as dietary information (milk consumption). The occurrence of cholelithiasis was used as the outcome event, and the group was divided into cholelithiasis and non-cholelithiasis groups according to the outcome event. We used logistic regression models in generalized linear model (GLM) functions, controlling for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors, to estimate the association between milk intake and the incidence of cholelithiasis in males and females.
A total of 14,722 adults were included. In the present study, the overall weighted prevalence of cholelithiasis was 10.96%, with 15.18% and 6.48% prevalence in females and males, respectively. Compared to infrequent milk intake, frequent milk intake (once a week or more) in females was associated with reduced cholelithiasis risk (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61-0.90). Daily milk intake in males was also related to lower cholelithiasis risk (OR 0.69-0.82). As adjusted variables increased in the models, predictive performance was improved (AUC 0.711 in females, 0.730 in males).
Appropriate milk intake may correlate with decreased cholelithiasis risk. Our study provides a basis for dietary interventions against gallstones, but prospective studies are needed to verify the results.
胆石症是一种常见的消化系统疾病，给患者和社会带来了沉重负担。研究饮食因素与胆石症风险之间的关系可为疾病预防提供依据。既往关于牛奶摄入与胆石症发生率的研究较为有限。因此，本研究旨在评估男性和女性牛奶摄入与胆石症发病风险之间的关系。
我们从 2017-2020 年国家健康统计中心（NHANSE）中选择了 14722 名成年人（≥18 岁），并从数据库中收集了患者的一般特征，如年龄、性别、种族和体重指数（BMI），以及饮食信息（牛奶摄入量）。胆石症的发生作为结局事件，根据结局事件将组分为胆石症组和非胆石症组。我们使用广义线性模型（GLM）函数中的逻辑回归模型，控制人口统计学、生活方式和饮食因素，估计男性和女性牛奶摄入量与胆石症发病风险之间的关系。
共纳入 14722 名成年人。本研究中，胆石症的总体加权患病率为 10.96%，女性患病率为 15.18%，男性患病率为 6.48%。与牛奶摄入较少的女性相比，频繁（每周一次或以上）摄入牛奶与胆石症发病风险降低相关（OR 0.74，95%CI 0.61-0.90）。男性的每日牛奶摄入也与较低的胆石症发病风险相关（OR 0.69-0.82）。随着模型中调整变量的增加，预测性能得到提高（女性 AUC 为 0.711，男性 AUC 为 0.730）。
适当摄入牛奶可能与降低胆石症风险相关。本研究为针对胆结石的饮食干预提供了依据，但需要前瞻性研究来验证结果。
