Frost Joshua, Walton Courtney C, Purcell Rosemary, Rice Simon M
Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Elite Sports and Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia.
Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2023 Jun 7;5(4):100734. doi: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.04.017. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Current evidence indicates that elite-level coaches encounter a range of performance, organizational, and personal stressors that may influence or compromise mental health. With exposure to these stressors, supports need to be established to protect and preserve the mental health of elite-level coaches. Given the paucity of evidence available, this article proposes a number of considerations that should be taken into account when developing a mental health and rehabilitation framework for high-performance coaches. We argue that early intervention should be positioned at the core of this framework, to address the onset of symptoms prior to the emergence of a mental disorder or mental health crisis. Mental health screening and monitoring of coaches, the psychological safety of high-performance environments, the mental health literacy of coaches, and the tailored pathways to support are discussed. Beyond these strategies, it is proposed that rehabilitation and reintegration should be addressed to assist coaches who are currently experiencing mental ill health or have left their role due to mental health reasons. Although further research is needed to implement evidence-based strategies, it is recommended that a future mental health framework should incorporate the perspectives of coaches to ensure it is consistent with their needs and experiences.
目前的证据表明，精英级教练会遇到一系列可能影响或损害心理健康的绩效、组织和个人压力源。面对这些压力源，需要建立相应支持措施来保护和维护精英级教练的心理健康。鉴于现有证据匮乏，本文提出了一些在为高水平教练制定心理健康与康复框架时应考虑的因素。我们认为，早期干预应置于该框架的核心位置，以在精神障碍或心理健康危机出现之前应对症状的发作。文中讨论了对教练的心理健康筛查与监测、高水平环境中的心理安全、教练的心理健康素养以及量身定制的支持途径。除了这些策略，还建议应解决康复与重新融入问题，以帮助目前正患有精神疾病或因心理健康原因离职的教练。尽管需要进一步研究来实施基于证据的策略，但建议未来的心理健康框架应纳入教练的观点，以确保其符合他们的需求和经历。
