National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt.
Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 31;13(1):14270. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41001-y.
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) are a class of water-soluble pigments with a variety of biological functions that are present in red macroalgae and cyanobacterial species. The crude forms of phycocyanin (C-PC) from the blue green alga Arthrospira platensis and allophycocyanin (APC) from the red macroalga Corallina officinalis were extracted and purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography methods, respectively. The obtained C-PC and APC from A. platensis and C. officinalis were 0.31 mg/mL and 0.08 mg/mL, respectively, with molecular masses of "17.0 KDa and 19.0 KDa" and "15.0 KDa and 17.0 KDa" corresponding to α and β subunits, respectively. FT-IR was used to characterize the purified APC and C-PC in order to look into their structures. Highly purified extracts (A620/A280 > 4.0) were obtained from subtractions' PC3 and PC4 that were tested for their biological activities. APC and C-PC crude extracts plus their fractions exhibited potent anti-oxidant in different ratios by using three techniques. PC1 showed high anti-inflammatory (75.99 and 74.55%) and anti-arthritic (78.89 and 76.92%) activities for C. officinalis and A. platensis, respectively compared with standard drugs (72.02 and 71.5%). The methanolic and water extracts of both species showed greater antibacterial efficacy against Gram +ve than Gram -ve marine bacteria. Our study shed light on the potential medical uses of C-PC and APC extracted from the tested species as natural substances in a variety of foods and drugs. Further investigations are required to explore the diverse chemical natures of distinct PBPs from different cyanobacteria and red algae because their amino acid sequences vary among different algal species.
藻胆蛋白（PBPs）是一类具有多种生物学功能的水溶性色素，存在于蓝藻和红藻物种中。通过硫酸铵沉淀、阴离子交换层析和分子筛层析方法，分别从蓝绿藻节旋藻和红藻鸡冠珊瑚中提取和纯化了粗制藻蓝蛋白（C-PC）和别藻蓝蛋白（APC）。从节旋藻和鸡冠珊瑚中获得的 C-PC 和 APC 的浓度分别为 0.31mg/mL 和 0.08mg/mL，分子量分别为“17.0 kDa 和 19.0 kDa”和“15.0 kDa 和 17.0 kDa”，对应于α和β亚基。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）用于表征纯化的 APC 和 C-PC，以研究它们的结构。从 PC3 和 PC4 中提取高度纯化的提取物（A620/A280>4.0），并测试其生物活性。APC 和 C-PC 粗提物及其级分在三种技术中以不同的比例表现出很强的抗氧化活性。与标准药物（72.02%和 71.5%）相比，C-PC1 对鸡冠珊瑚和节旋藻的抗炎（75.99%和 74.55%）和抗关节炎（78.89%和 76.92%）活性均较高。两种物种的甲醇和水提取物对革兰氏阳性海洋细菌的抑菌效果大于革兰氏阴性海洋细菌。我们的研究揭示了从测试物种中提取的 C-PC 和 APC 作为各种食品和药物中的天然物质的潜在医疗用途。需要进一步研究以探索不同蓝藻和红藻中不同 PBPs 的不同化学性质，因为它们的氨基酸序列在不同的藻类物种中有所不同。
