Wei Chunfang, Xu Ya, Shen Qian, Li Rong, Xiao Xiaoyun, Saw Phei Er, Xu Xiaoding
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, China.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2023 Jul 16;33:774-793. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.07.009. eCollection 2023 Sep 12.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts more than 200 nucleotides in length that play crucial roles in cancer development and progression. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, a considerable number of lncRNAs have been identified as novel biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of cancer patients and/or therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs are closely associated with their subcellular localization. More importantly, based on the important roles of lncRNAs in regulating cancer progression (e.g., growth, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis) and the specific ability of nucleic acids (e.g., siRNA, mRNA, and DNA) to regulate the expression of any target genes, much effort has been exerted recently to develop nanoparticle (NP)-based nucleic acid delivery systems for regulation of lncRNA expression and cancer therapy. In this review, we introduce the subcellular localization and regulatory mechanisms of various functional lncRNAs in cancer and systemically summarize the recent development of NP-mediated nucleic acid delivery for targeted regulation of lncRNA expression and effective cancer therapy.
长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的RNA转录本，在癌症发生和发展中起关键作用。随着高通量测序技术的快速发展，大量lncRNAs已被鉴定为预测癌症患者预后的新型生物标志物和/或癌症治疗的靶点。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，lncRNAs的生物学功能和调控机制与其亚细胞定位密切相关。更重要的是，基于lncRNAs在调节癌症进展（如生长、治疗抗性和转移）中的重要作用以及核酸（如siRNA、mRNA和DNA）调节任何靶基因表达的特殊能力，最近人们付出了很多努力来开发基于纳米颗粒（NP）的核酸递送系统，用于调节lncRNA表达和癌症治疗。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了各种功能性lncRNAs在癌症中的亚细胞定位和调控机制，并系统总结了NP介导的核酸递送用于靶向调节lncRNA表达和有效癌症治疗的最新进展。
