School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Aug 17;13:1234668. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1234668. eCollection 2023.
Gram-negative species are major foodborne pathogens often associated with seafood intake that causes gastroenteritis. On food surfaces, biofilm formation by species enhances the resistance of bacteria to disinfectants and antimicrobial agents. Hence, an efficient antibacterial and antibiofilm approach is urgently required. This study examined the antibacterial and antivirulence effects of chromones and their 26 derivatives against and . 6-Bromo-3-formylchromone (6B3FC) and 6-chloro-3-formylchromone (6C3FC) were active antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds. Both 6B3FC and 6C3FC exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 20 µg/mL for planktonic cell growth and dose-dependently inhibited biofilm formation. Additionally, they decreased swimming motility, protease activity, fimbrial agglutination, hydrophobicity, and indole production at 20 µg/mL which impaired the growth of the bacteria. Furthermore, the active compounds could completely inhibit the slimy substances and microbial cells on the surface of the squid and shrimp. The most active compound 6B3FC inhibited the gene expression associated in quorum sensing and biofilm formation (, ), pathogenicity (), and membrane integrity () in . However, toxicity profiling using seed germination and models suggests that 6C3FC may have moderate effect at 50 µg/mL while 6B3FC was toxic to the nematodes 20-100 µg/mL. These findings suggest chromone analogs, particularly two halogenated formylchromones (6B3FC and 6C3FC), were effective antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents against in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.
革兰氏阴性菌是主要的食源性致病菌，常与海鲜摄入有关，可引起肠胃炎。在食物表面， 物种形成生物膜会增强细菌对消毒剂和抗菌剂的抵抗力。因此，迫切需要一种有效的抗菌和抗生物膜方法。本研究考察了查耳酮及其 26 种衍生物对 和 的抗菌和抗毒力作用。6-溴-3-甲酰基查耳酮（6B3FC）和 6-氯-3-甲酰基查耳酮（6C3FC）是具有活性的抗菌和抗生物膜化合物。6B3FC 和 6C3FC 对浮游细胞生长的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）均为 20μg/ml，并呈剂量依赖性抑制生物膜形成。此外，它们在 20μg/ml 时降低了泳动性、蛋白酶活性、菌毛凝集、疏水性和吲哚产生，从而损害了细菌的生长。此外，活性化合物可完全抑制鱿鱼和虾表面的粘性物质和微生物细胞。最有效的化合物 6B3FC 可完全抑制 中与群体感应和生物膜形成相关的基因表达（, ）、致病性（）和膜完整性（）。然而，使用种子发芽和 模型进行的毒性分析表明，6C3FC 在 50μg/ml 时可能具有中度作用，而 6B3FC 在 20-100μg/ml 时对线虫有毒。这些发现表明，查耳酮类似物，特别是两种卤代甲酰基查耳酮（6B3FC 和 6C3FC），是食品和制药领域中针对 的有效抗菌和抗生物膜剂。
