中国海南岛和雷州半岛同居地区埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊的遗传多样性。

Genetic diversity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from cohabiting fields in Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula, China.

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.

Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang, China.

出版信息

Parasit Vectors. 2023 Sep 8;16(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05936-5.

DOI:10.1186/s13071-023-05936-5

PMID:37684698

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10486073/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are important human arbovirus vectors that can spread arboviral diseases such as yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and Zika. These two mosquito species coexist on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula in China. Over the past 40 years, the distribution of Ae. albopictus in these areas has gradually expanded, while Ae. aegypti has declined sharply. Monitoring their genetic diversity and diffusion could help to explain the genetic influence behind this phenomenon and became key to controlling the epidemic of arboviruses.

METHODS

To better understand the genetic diversity and differentiation of these two mosquitoes, the possible cohabiting areas on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula were searched between July and October 2021, and five populations were collected. Respectively nine and 11 microsatellite loci were used for population genetic analysis of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. In addition, the mitochondrial coxI gene was also selected for analysis of both mosquito species.

RESULTS

The results showed that the mean diversity index (PIC and SI values) of Ae. albopictus (mean PIC = 0.754 and SI = 1.698) was higher than that of Ae. aegypti (mean PIC = 0.624 and SI = 1.264). The same results were also observed for the coxI gene: the genetic diversity of all populations of Ae. albopictus was higher than that of Ae. aegypti (total H = 45 and Hd = 0.89958 vs. total H = 23 and Hd = 0.76495, respectively). UPGMA dendrogram, DAPC and STRUCTURE analyses showed that Ae. aegypti populations were divided into three clusters and Ae. albopictus populations into two. The Mantel test indicated a significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance for the Ae. aegypti populations (R = 0.0611, P = 0.001), but the correlation was not significant for Ae. albopictus populations (R = 0.0011, P = 0.250).

CONCLUSIONS

The population genetic diversity of Ae. albopictus in Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula was higher than that of Ae. aegypti. In terms of future vector control, the most important and effective measure was to control the spread of Ae. albopictus and monitor the population genetic dynamics of Ae. aegypti on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula, which could theoretically support the further elimination of Ae. aegypti in China.

摘要

背景

埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊是重要的人类虫媒病毒载体，可传播黄热病、登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒等虫媒病毒病。这两种蚊子在中国海南岛和雷州半岛共存。在过去的 40 年中，白纹伊蚊在这些地区的分布逐渐扩大，而埃及伊蚊的数量则急剧下降。监测它们的遗传多样性和扩散可以帮助解释这种现象背后的遗传影响，这也成为控制虫媒病毒病流行的关键。

方法

为了更好地了解这两种蚊子的遗传多样性和分化，我们于 2021 年 7 月至 10 月在海南岛和雷州半岛搜索可能的共同栖息地，并采集了 5 个种群。分别使用 9 个和 11 个微卫星标记对埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊的种群遗传进行分析。此外，还选择线粒体 coxI 基因对白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊进行分析。

结果

结果表明，白纹伊蚊（平均 PIC=0.754，SI=1.698）的平均多样性指数（PIC 和 SI 值）高于埃及伊蚊（平均 PIC=0.624，SI=1.264）。coxI 基因也得到了相同的结果：所有白纹伊蚊种群的遗传多样性均高于埃及伊蚊（总 H=45，Hd=0.89958 与总 H=23，Hd=0.76495 相比）。UPGMA 聚类图、DAPC 和 STRUCTURE 分析表明，埃及伊蚊种群分为 3 个聚类，白纹伊蚊种群分为 2 个聚类。Mantel 检验表明，埃及伊蚊种群的遗传距离与地理距离呈显著正相关（R=0.0611，P=0.001），但白纹伊蚊种群的相关性不显著（R=0.0011，P=0.250）。