Faruqui Nilofar, Williams David S, Briones Andrea, Kepiro Ibolya E, Ravi Jascindra, Kwan Tristan O C, Mearns-Spragg Andrew, Ryadnov Maxim G
National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK.
Jellagen Ltd, Capital Business Park, Cardiff, CF3 2PX, UK.
Mater Today Bio. 2023 Aug 29;22:100786. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100786. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Extracellular matrix type 0 is reported. The matrix is developed from a jellyfish collagen predating mammalian forms by over 0.5 billion years. With its ancient lineage, compositional simplicity, and resemblance to multiple collagen types, the matrix is referred to as the extracellular matrix type 0. Here we validate the matrix describing its physicochemical and biological properties and present it as a versatile, minimalist biomaterial underpinning a pipeline of commercialised products under the collective name of JellaGel. We describe an extensive body of evidence for folding and assembly of the matrix in comparison to mammalian matrices, such as bovine collagen, and its use to support cell growth and development in comparison to known tissue-derived products, such as Matrigel™. We apply the matrix to co-culture human astrocytes and cortical neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and visualise neuron firing synchronicity with correlations indicative of a homogenous extracellular material in contrast to the performance of heterogenous commercial matrices. We prove the ability of the matrix to induce spheroid formation and support the 3D culture of human immortalised, primary, and mesenchymal stem cells. We conclude that the matrix offers an optimal solution for systemic evaluations of cell-matrix biology. It effectively combines the exploitable properties of mammalian tissue extracts or top-down matrices, such as biocompatibility, with the advantages of synthetic or bottom-up matrices, such as compositional control, while avoiding the drawbacks of the two types, such as biological and design heterogeneity, thereby providing a unique bridging capability of a stem extracellular matrix.
已报道了0型细胞外基质。该基质由一种比哺乳动物形式早超过5亿年的水母胶原蛋白发育而来。鉴于其古老的谱系、成分简单且与多种胶原蛋白类型相似，该基质被称为0型细胞外基质。在此，我们对该基质进行了验证，描述了其物理化学和生物学特性，并将其作为一种通用的、极简主义的生物材料呈现出来，它是一系列以JellaGel为统称的商业化产品的基础。我们描述了大量与哺乳动物基质（如牛胶原蛋白）相比该基质折叠和组装的证据，以及与已知组织衍生产品（如基质胶™）相比其用于支持细胞生长和发育的证据。我们将该基质应用于共培养源自诱导多能干细胞的人星形胶质细胞和皮质神经元，并通过相关性观察神经元放电同步性，这些相关性表明存在一种均匀的细胞外物质，这与异质商业基质的性能形成对比。我们证明了该基质诱导球体形成并支持人永生化细胞、原代细胞和间充质干细胞三维培养的能力。我们得出结论，该基质为细胞 - 基质生物学的系统评估提供了最佳解决方案。它有效地将哺乳动物组织提取物或自上而下的基质的可利用特性（如生物相容性）与合成或自下而上的基质的优势（如成分控制）结合起来，同时避免了这两种类型的缺点（如生物学和设计异质性），从而提供了一种独特的干细胞外基质的桥梁能力。
