Mohamed Ali K, Mujibur Rahman K, S Gayathri, Nancy S, Sathish Kumar S
Department of Community Medicine, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 10;15(8):e43273. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43273. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Background Health hazards faced by bus drivers and conductors due to their stressful working conditions can vary greatly depending on the country and specific circumstances. In some regions, stringent regulations mitigate the risks, while in others, lack of enforcement exacerbates the situation. The common mental health issues faced by bus drivers and conductors are anxiety and depression. Therefore, this study was planned to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among bus drivers and conductors and identify the risk factors associated with depression and anxiety. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among the bus drivers and conductors working in government and private transport in Karaikal, Puducherry, South India. After institutional ethics committee clearance, 450 male transport workers with a mean age of 42.6 ± 8.56 (SD) years were interviewed to assess their mental status according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were employed using SPSS software version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) to ascertain the association between dependent (anxiety/depression) and independent variables. Results About 16% and 13% of bus drivers and conductors were suffering from anxiety and depression, respectively. Age, education, marital status, bus route type, years of experience, and depression were significantly associated with anxiety. Whereas type of employment, years of experience, and anxiety were significantly associated with depression (p < 0.05). Conclusions Anxiety and depression in drivers and conductors constitute a major public health problem. Proper job rotation, enabling good ergonomics, and social support are some recommendations to promote mental health among transport workers.
背景 公交司机和售票员因其紧张的工作条件所面临的健康危害，会因国家和具体情况而有很大差异。在一些地区，严格的法规减轻了风险，而在另一些地区，执法不力则使情况恶化。公交司机和售票员常见的心理健康问题是焦虑和抑郁。因此，本研究旨在确定公交司机和售票员中焦虑和抑郁的患病率，并确定与抑郁和焦虑相关的风险因素。
方法 在印度南部本地治里的卡赖卡尔从事政府和私人运输工作的公交司机和售票员中进行了一项横断面研究。获得机构伦理委员会批准后，对450名平均年龄为42.6±8.56（标准差）岁的男性运输工人进行了访谈，根据医院焦虑抑郁量表评估他们的心理状态。使用SPSS软件20版（美国纽约州阿蒙克市IBM公司）进行双变量和多变量分析，以确定因变量（焦虑/抑郁）与自变量之间的关联。
结果 分别约有16%的公交司机和13%的售票员患有焦虑和抑郁。年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、公交线路类型、工作年限和抑郁与焦虑显著相关。而就业类型、工作年限和焦虑与抑郁显著相关（p<0.05）。
结论 司机和售票员的焦虑和抑郁构成了一个重大的公共卫生问题。适当的工作轮换、良好的人体工程学设计和社会支持是促进运输工人心理健康的一些建议。
