Biomedical Epidemiology Unit, Special Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
Vector-Borne Disease Sector, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Front Public Health. 2023 Aug 24;11:1213514. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1213514. eCollection 2023.
Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the transmission dynamics and distribution of dengue. Therefore, this study aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the geographic and demographic distribution of dengue incidence in Malaysia.
This study analyzed dengue cases from January 2014 to December 2021 and COVID-19 confirmed cases from January 2020 to December 2021 which was divided into the pre (2014 to 2019) and during COVID-19 pandemic (2020 to 2021) phases. The average annual dengue case incidence for geographical and demographic subgroups were calculated and compared between the pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic phases. In addition, Spearman rank correlation was performed to determine the correlation between weekly dengue and COVID-19 cases during the COVID-19 pandemic phase.
Dengue trends in Malaysia showed a 4-year cyclical trend with dengue case incidence peaking in 2015 and 2019 and subsequently decreasing in the following years. Reductions of 44.0% in average dengue cases during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic phase was observed at the national level. Higher dengue cases were reported among males, individuals aged 20-34 years, and Malaysians across both phases. Weekly dengue cases were significantly correlated ( = -0.901) with COVID-19 cases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
There was a reduction in dengue incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic phase. Significant reductions were observed across all demographic groups except for the older population (>75 years) across the two phases.
在全球范围内，COVID-19 大流行影响了登革热的传播动态和分布。因此，本研究旨在描述 COVID-19 大流行对马来西亚登革热发病率的地理和人口分布的影响。
本研究分析了 2014 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间的登革热病例和 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间的 COVID-19 确诊病例，并将其分为大流行前（2014 年至 2019 年）和 COVID-19 大流行期间（2020 年至 2021 年）两个阶段。计算地理和人口统计学亚组的平均年登革热病例发病率，并在大流行前和大流行期间进行比较。此外，进行 Spearman 等级相关分析以确定 COVID-19 大流行期间每周登革热和 COVID-19 病例之间的相关性。
马来西亚的登革热趋势呈 4 年周期性趋势，登革热病例发病率在 2015 年和 2019 年达到峰值，随后在随后的几年中下降。与大流行前阶段相比，COVID-19 大流行期间全国平均登革热病例减少了 44.0%。在两个阶段中，男性、20-34 岁的个体和马来西亚人均报告了更多的登革热病例。COVID-19 大流行期间，每周登革热病例与 COVID-19 病例显著相关（ = -0.901）。
与大流行前阶段相比，COVID-19 大流行期间登革热发病率有所下降。除了两个阶段中年龄较大的人群（>75 岁）外，所有人口统计学群体均观察到显著减少。
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