Geriatric Medicine, Department for Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
PLoS One. 2023 Sep 14;18(9):e0291560. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291560. eCollection 2023.
The closure of all sports facilities during the two lockdowns in Germany favoured a reduction of leisure time physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to compare leisure time physical activity during the 1st and 2nd lockdown and to examine exercise performance before and after resumption of exercise. Leisure time physical activity was measured by the Longitudinal Urban Cohort Ageing Study (LUCAS) functional ability index and energy expenditure in the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants' exercise performance was extracted from a chip-controlled fitness circuit. Differences were tested for statistical significance using Friedman tests. 35 participants above 60 years were included from the Oldenburg area (20 women, 15 men, mean age and standard deviation 71±6 years). The decline in energy expenditure was higher during the 2nd lockdown (1st lockdown: Median -55.7 kcal.day-1, Q0.25-121.3 kcal.day-1, Q0.75 132.9 kcal.day-1; 2nd lockdown: Median -119.7 kcal.day-1, Q0.25-255.6 kcal.day-1, Q0.75-65.1 kcal.day-1; Friedman test: p<0.001, n = 35, W = 0.262). The time spent in the fitness circuit decreased from lockdown to lockdown as well as the number of participants exercising there. Intense activities were performed during the two lockdowns by only 7 and 3 participants, respectively, and were not resumed by two-thirds of the participants after the 2nd lockdown. During the 1st lockdown, exercise performance on resistance exercise devices increased in most of them, while it decreased by 1 to 7% during the 2nd lockdown. The lockdowns limited leisure time physical activity in older adults. This was more pronounced during the lockdown in winter 2020/2021, when participants engaged less in outdoor activities. Therefore, measures should be taken to maintain physical activity and muscle strength, especially during winter months, with a home-based training, if visiting gyms is not possible.
在德国的两次封锁期间，所有体育设施关闭，这有利于减少 COVID-19 大流行期间的休闲时间体育活动。本研究的目的是比较第一次和第二次封锁期间的休闲时间体育活动，并检查恢复运动前后的运动表现。休闲时间体育活动通过纵向城市队列衰老研究（LUCAS）功能能力指数和明尼苏达州休闲时间体育活动问卷中的能量消耗来测量。参与者的运动表现从芯片控制的健身电路中提取。使用 Friedman 检验测试差异的统计学意义。来自奥尔登堡地区的 35 名 60 岁以上的参与者（20 名女性，15 名男性，平均年龄和标准差为 71±6 岁）包括在内。第二次封锁期间的能量消耗下降幅度更高（第一次封锁：中位数-55.7 kcal.day-1，Q0.25-121.3 kcal.day-1，Q0.75 132.9 kcal.day-1；第二次封锁：中位数-119.7 kcal.day-1，Q0.25-255.6 kcal.day-1，Q0.75-65.1 kcal.day-1；Friedman 检验：p<0.001，n=35，W=0.262）。从封锁到封锁，参与者在健身电路中花费的时间以及锻炼的参与者数量都减少了。两次封锁期间，只有 7 名和 3 名参与者分别进行了剧烈活动，并且有三分之二的参与者在第二次封锁后没有恢复。在第一次封锁期间，大多数参与者的抗阻运动设备的运动表现有所提高，而在第二次封锁期间，运动表现下降了 1%至 7%。封锁限制了老年人的休闲时间体育活动。在 2020/2021 年冬季的封锁期间，这种情况更为明显，当时参与者较少参与户外活动。因此，应采取措施保持身体活动和肌肉力量，特别是在冬季月份，如果无法前往健身房，则可以在家中进行训练。
