Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.
Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Health Promot Int. 2023 Oct 1;38(5). doi: 10.1093/heapro/daad114.
Sports settings have been identified as an ideal place to conduct complex multi-level health-promotion interventions, with the potential to engage a broad audience. Whilst the benefits of delivering health-promotion interventions in sports settings are well documented, such interventions' real-world implementation and success must be better understood. Process evaluations can be conducted to provide information related to an intervention's fidelity, replication, scaling, adoption, and the underlying mechanisms driving outcomes. This systematic review summarizes how process evaluations of health-promotion interventions are conducted in sports settings and highlight facilitators and barriers to health-promotion intervention delivery using narrative synthesis. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, searches included original peer-reviewed articles from inception-January 2023. We searched eight electronic databases: Academic Search Complete; MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES; PsycINFO; SPORTSDiscus with Full Text; MEDLINE; SCOPUS; Pub Med, and Pro Quest Central. Thirty-two studies were included. Findings suggest that most process evaluations of health-promotion interventions have acknowledged the inherent complexity of sports settings, and investigated factors that explain their intervention's success (e.g. trust building, engagement). However, poor use of process evaluation frameworks or guidelines resulted in wide variations of how process evaluations are conducted and reported, which made findings difficult to integrate and standardize with consistency. Accordingly, this review provides a guide on how future process evaluations can be conducted to improve health-promotion interventions' transparency, replicability and reliability in real-world settings.
运动场所已被确定为实施复杂多层次健康促进干预的理想场所，有可能吸引广泛的受众。虽然在运动场所提供健康促进干预的好处已有充分记录，但必须更好地了解这些干预措施在现实世界中的实施和成功情况。可以进行过程评估，提供与干预措施的保真度、复制、扩展、采用以及驱动结果的潜在机制相关的信息。本系统评价总结了在运动场所进行健康促进干预的过程评估方法，并使用叙述性综合方法突出了健康促进干预提供的促进因素和障碍。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南，从成立到 2023 年 1 月，我们搜索了原始同行评审文章。我们搜索了八个电子数据库：学术搜索完整；MEDLINE、PsycARTICLES；PsycINFO；SPORTSDiscus with Full Text；MEDLINE；SCOPUS；Pub Med 和 Pro Quest Central。共纳入 32 项研究。研究结果表明，大多数健康促进干预的过程评估都承认运动场所的固有复杂性，并调查了解释其干预成功的因素（例如，建立信任、参与）。然而，对过程评估框架或指南的使用不当导致了过程评估的进行和报告方式存在广泛差异，使得难以整合和标准化发现。因此，本综述提供了关于如何进行未来过程评估的指南，以提高现实环境中健康促进干预的透明度、可复制性和可靠性。
