Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
Eur J Med Res. 2023 Sep 20;28(1):358. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01348-4.
The association between individual dietary fatty acids (FAs) and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been investigated in previous studies. However, synergistic or additive effects of multiple FA have received less attention. Hence, we aimed to determine the major dietary FA patterns and evaluate the association between FA patterns and risk of MetS.
Dietary intakes of 1713 MetS-free adults who participated in the third phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) were assessed using a validated 168-items food frequency questionnaire. FA patterns were obtained by principal component analysis (PCA). Adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the association of MetS incident with the extracted FA patterns.
Four major FA patterns were identified through PCA of the 24 FAs consumed: "short- and medium-chain saturated fatty acid (SFA) pattern", "long-chain FA pattern", "omega-3 PUFA pattern", and "long-chain SFA pattern". There was no significant association between dietary FA patterns and risk of MetS incidence.
We found no significant association between FA patterns and risk of MetS. More prospective cohort studies and clinical trials are needed to clarify the issue.
先前的研究已经探讨了个体膳食脂肪酸（FAs）与代谢综合征（MetS）风险之间的关联。然而，多种 FA 的协同或相加效应受到的关注较少。因此，我们旨在确定主要的膳食 FA 模式，并评估 FA 模式与 MetS 风险之间的关系。
我们使用经过验证的 168 项食物频率问卷评估了参加德黑兰血脂和血糖研究（TLGS）第三阶段的 1713 名无 MetS 成年人的膳食摄入量。通过主成分分析（PCA）得出 FA 模式。计算了提取的 FA 模式与 MetS 发生率之间关联的调整后的危害比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
通过对 24 种食用的 FA 进行 PCA，确定了四个主要的 FA 模式：“短链和中链饱和脂肪酸（SFA）模式”、“长链 FA 模式”、“ω-3PUFA 模式”和“长链 SFA 模式”。膳食 FA 模式与 MetS 发生率之间没有显著关联。
我们发现 FA 模式与 MetS 风险之间没有显著关联。需要更多的前瞻性队列研究和临床试验来阐明这个问题。
