Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin, Aichi, Japan.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
BMC Microbiol. 2023 Sep 22;23(1):266. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-03021-6.
It has become clear that the intestinal microbiota plays a role in food allergies. The objective of this study was to assess the food allergy-preventive effects of combined intake of a short fructan (1-kestose [Kes]) and a long fructan (inulin ([Inu]) in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food allergy mouse model.
Oral administration of fructans lowered the allergenic symptom score and alleviated the decreases in rectal temperature and total IgA levels and increases in OVA-specific IgE and IgA levels induced by high-dose OVA challenge, and in particular, combined intake of Kes and Inu significantly suppressed the changes in all these parameters. The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, which was increased in the allergy model group, was significantly suppressed by fructan administration, and the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly increased upon Kes administration. 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the gut microbiota and beta diversity analysis revealed that fructan administration may induce gut microbiota resistance to food allergy sensitization, rather than returning the gut microbiota to a non-sensitized state. The relative abundances of the genera Parabacteroides B 862,066 and Alloprevotella, which were significantly reduced by food allergy sensitization, were restored by fructan administration. In Parabacteroides, the relative abundances of Parabacteroides distasonis, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, and their fructan-degrading glycoside hydrolase family 32 gene copy numbers were increased upon Kes or Inu administration. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (acetate and propionate) and lactate were increased by fructan administration, especially significantly in the Kes + Inu, Kes, and Inu-fed (Inu, Kes + Inu) groups.
Combined intake of Kes and Inu suppressed allergy scores more effectively than single intake, suggesting that Kes and Inu have different allergy-preventive mechanisms. This indicates that the combined intake of these short and long fructans may have an allergy-preventive benefit.
肠道微生物群在食物过敏中起作用已变得清晰。本研究的目的是评估短链果糖（1-蔗果三糖[Kes]）和长链果糖（菊粉[Inu]）联合摄入在卵清蛋白（OVA）诱导的食物过敏小鼠模型中的食物过敏预防作用。
果糖的口服给药降低了过敏症状评分，并减轻了高剂量 OVA 挑战引起的直肠温度和总 IgA 水平降低以及 OVA 特异性 IgE 和 IgA 水平升高，特别是 Kes 和 Inu 的联合摄入显著抑制了所有这些参数的变化。在过敏模型组中增加的促炎细胞因子 IL-4 的表达通过果糖给药显著抑制，并且在 Kes 给药时抗炎细胞因子 IL-10 的表达显著增加。肠道微生物群的 16S rRNA 扩增子测序和β多样性分析表明，果糖给药可能诱导肠道微生物群抵抗食物过敏致敏，而不是使肠道微生物群恢复到非致敏状态。过敏致敏显著降低的 Parabacteroides B 862,066 和 Alloprevotella 属的相对丰度通过果糖给药得到恢复。在 Parabacteroides 中，Parabacteroides distasonis、Parabacteroides goldsteinii 的相对丰度及其果糖降解糖苷水解酶家族 32 基因拷贝数在 Kes 或 Inu 给药时增加。果糖给药增加了短链脂肪酸（乙酸盐和丙酸盐）和乳酸的浓度，特别是在 Kes + Inu、Kes 和 Inu 喂养（Inu、Kes + Inu）组中显著增加。
Kes 和 Inu 的联合摄入比单独摄入更有效地抑制过敏评分，表明 Kes 和 Inu 具有不同的抗过敏机制。这表明这些短链和长链果糖的联合摄入可能具有抗过敏益处。
