Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston Texas, United States of America.
Departments of Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Neglected Topical Disease, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Sep 25;17(9):e0011306. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011306. eCollection 2023 Sep.
The composition of the microbiome is shaped by both environment and host in most organisms, but in the mosquito Aedes aegypti the role of the host in shaping the microbiome is poorly understood. Previously, we had shown that four lines of Ae. aegypti harbored different microbiomes when reared in the same insectary under identical conditions. To determine whether these lines differed from each other across time and in different environments, we characterized the microbiome of the same four lines of Ae. aegypti reared in the original insectary and at another institution. While it was clear that the environment influenced the microbiomes of these lines, we did still observe distinct differences in the microbiome between lines within each insectary. Clear differences were observed in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and abundance of specific bacterial taxa. To determine if the line specific differences in the microbiome were maintained across environments, pair-wise differential abundances of taxa was compared between insectaries. Lines were most similar to other lines from the same insectary than to the same line reared in a different insectary. Additionally, relatively few differentially abundant taxa identified between pairs of lines were shared across insectaries, indicating that line specific properties of the microbiome are not conserved across environments, or that there were distinct microbiota within each insectary. Overall, these results demonstrate that mosquito lines under the same environmental conditions have different microbiomes across microbially- diverse environments and host by microbe interactions affecting microbiome composition and abundance is dependent on environmentally available bacteria.
在大多数生物体中，微生物组的组成既受环境影响，也受宿主影响，但在蚊子埃及伊蚊中，宿主在塑造微生物组方面的作用还知之甚少。此前，我们已经表明，在相同的昆虫饲养室中以相同的条件饲养时，四种埃及伊蚊品系具有不同的微生物组。为了确定这些品系是否随时间和不同环境而相互差异，我们对在原始昆虫饲养室和另一个机构中饲养的相同的四种埃及伊蚊品系的微生物组进行了特征描述。虽然环境显然会影响这些品系的微生物组，但我们仍然观察到在每个昆虫饲养室中品系之间微生物组存在明显差异。在 alpha 多样性、beta 多样性和特定细菌类群的丰度方面都观察到了明显的差异。为了确定微生物组中特定于品系的差异是否在不同环境中保持，我们比较了两个昆虫饲养室之间的分类群的成对差异丰度。与来自不同昆虫饲养室的相同品系相比，同一昆虫饲养室中的品系更为相似。此外，在两个品系之间识别出的相对较少的差异丰富分类群在两个昆虫饲养室之间共享，这表明微生物组的特定于品系的特性在不同环境中没有被保守，或者在每个昆虫饲养室中存在独特的微生物群。总体而言，这些结果表明，在相同环境条件下的蚊子品系在微生物多样性丰富的环境中具有不同的微生物组，并且宿主与微生物的相互作用影响微生物组的组成和丰度，这取决于环境中可用的细菌。
