Resistome in Streptomyces rimosus - A Reservoir of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Resistance Genes.

Investigation of aminoglycoside acetyltransferases in actinobacteria of the genus Streptomyces is an integral part of the study of soil bacteria as the main reservoir and possible source of drug resistance genes. Previously, we have identified and biochemically characterized three aminoglycoside phosphotransferases, which cause resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, paromomycin, streptomycin, and hygromycin B in the strain Streptomyces rimosus ATCC 10970 (producing oxytetracycline), which is resistant to most natural aminoglycoside antibiotics. In the presented work, it was shown that the resistance of this strain to other AGs is associated with the presence of the enzyme aminoglycoside acetyltransferase, belonging to the AAC(2') subfamily. Induction of the expression of the gene, designated by us as aac(2')-If, in Escherichia coli cells determines resistance to a wide range of natural aminoglycoside antibiotics (neomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomycin, and paromomycin) and increases minimum inhibitory concentrations of these antibiotics.