Richman J A, Flaherty J A
Soc Sci Med. 1986;23(7):709-16. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90119-x.
Underlying the design of most adult epidemiologic stress-distress studies is the assumption that only social factors deriving from individuals' current environments or very recent pasts impact on their mental health status. The present study examined the link between perceived early parent-child relations and adult depressive symptomatology. It was hypothesized that perceived dysfunctional early parent-child relationships correlate with adult depressive symptomatology and adult internal personality resources (level of autonomy-dependency and internal-external locus of control) mediate this relationship. A cohort of students beginning medical school was administered self-report questionnaires measuring the above variables (final N = 153, 73% response rate). Using correlational and regression analysis, hypothesis 1 was supported and hypothesis 2 was partially supported. The authors discuss alternative causal interpretations of the correlational findings, and recommend future studies of the social origins of psychopathology which embrace a total life cycle model. These studies should ideally reflect interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives and encompass long-term prospective research designs or greater attention to the construction and validation of instruments for improved retrospective assessments.
大多数成人流行病学压力-痛苦研究的设计基础是这样一种假设，即只有源自个体当前环境或最近过去的社会因素才会影响他们的心理健康状况。本研究考察了早期亲子关系认知与成人抑郁症状之间的联系。研究假设是，早期亲子关系认知失调与成人抑郁症状相关，且成人的内在人格资源（自主-依赖水平和内外控制点）介导了这种关系。对一群开始医学院学习的学生进行了自我报告问卷调查，以测量上述变量（最终样本量N = 153，应答率73%）。通过相关分析和回归分析，假设1得到支持，假设2得到部分支持。作者讨论了相关研究结果的其他因果解释，并建议未来开展关于精神病理学社会起源的研究，采用全生命周期模型。理想情况下，这些研究应反映跨学科理论观点，涵盖长期前瞻性研究设计，或更加关注工具的构建与验证，以改进回顾性评估。
