Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Ceará State University, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil.
Coordination of Epidemiology and Information, Municipal Health Department of São Paulo, São Paulo 01002-900, SP, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Sep 13;20(18):6749. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20186749.
This study aimed to analyze whether community food environments are associated with individual food consumption among nutrition students and newly graduated nutritionists. This cross-sectional study used data from the Nutritionists' Health Study cohort, which included 357 undergraduate nutrition students from the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Exposure to the food environment was defined as the proximity and availability of food outlets within a 500 m buffer from the participants' homes. Food consumption was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire and analyzed according to the NOVA classification. Multi-level linear regression models with fixed effects were used to estimate the presence of food outlets within the buffer and their association with food consumption. The presence of mini-markets in the buffer in the fourth quartile was associated with lower consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) when observing socioeconomic and lifestyle conditions (β = -3.29; 95% CI = -6.39 to -0.19). The presence of bakeries and coffee shops was related to lower consumption of ultra-processed foods among participants when observing socioeconomic conditions (β = -3.10; 95% CI = -6.18 to -0.02). There was no clear evidence of an association between the type of food outlet and UPF consumption. The community food environment seemed to influence food consumption among study participants, although clearer and more consistent evidence on this subject is needed.
本研究旨在分析社区食品环境是否与营养学生和新毕业的营养师的个体食品消费有关。这项横断面研究使用了来自巴西塞阿拉州福塔雷萨市的 357 名本科营养学生的营养学家健康研究队列的数据。暴露于食品环境被定义为参与者家庭 500 米缓冲区以内的食品店的接近度和可得性。食品消费使用食物频率问卷进行评估，并根据 NOVA 分类进行分析。使用具有固定效应的多层次线性回归模型来估计缓冲区中食品店的存在及其与食品消费的关联。在观察社会经济和生活方式条件时，缓冲区中第四四分位数的迷你市场存在与超加工食品（UPF）消费减少有关（β=-3.29；95%CI=-6.39 至-0.19）。在观察社会经济条件时，面包店和咖啡店的存在与 UPF 消费减少有关（β=-3.10；95%CI=-6.18 至-0.02）。食品店类型与 UPF 消费之间没有明显的关联证据。社区食品环境似乎影响了研究参与者的食品消费，但需要更明确和一致的证据来支持这一观点。
