Orabi Mohamed A A, Hasan Aso Hameed, AbouZid Sameh F, El Amir Dalia, Hetta Mona H, Awadh Ahmed Abdullah Al, Alqahtani Omaish Salman, Hatano Tsutomu, El-Shanawany Mohamed A
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Metabolites. 2023 Sep 14;13(9):1013. doi: 10.3390/metabo13091013.
Dietary fruits and vegetables play a vital role as food and drugs and are the main sources of antioxidant defences against degenerative diseases, such as brain dysfunctions, cardiovascular diseases, immune system deteriorations, and cancers, brought on by oxidative damage. is a significant herbal remedy used in conventional medicine to recover lost strength and power. In this research, the potential value of as a food and drug is researched. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total tannin contents as well as the nutritional value, vitamin C, vitamin E, and mineral contents of different organs of were evaluated. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts and fractions of different organs of were determined. A total of eleven flavonoids, simple phenolic, tannin-related phenolic, and tannin molecules were isolated from a hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves and fruits. The structures were identified by spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature values as gallic acid (), naringenin 7--(6″--galloyl)--D-glucopyranoside (), 3,3'-di--methyl ellagic acid-4'---d-glucopyranoside (), 1--galloyl glycerol (), 1,6-di--galloyl--d-glucopyranoside (), flavogallonic acid bislactone (), corilagin (), ethyl gallate (), urolithin M5 (), (E)--coumaroyl-1---d-glucopyranoside (), and 1,2,4,6-tetra--galloyl--d-glucopyranoside (). Among them, compounds and are first isolated from the plant. Molecular docking was performed to investigate the comparative interactions between positive controls (galantamine and donepezil) and selected compounds utilizing acetylcholinesterase (4EY7) as a target receptor. Results exhibited the potency of these compounds against the target receptor. In summary, has a wealth of minerals, vitamins C and E, and polyphenolic phytochemicals that may work together to treat infectious disease, prevent and/or treat oxidative-damage-related illnesses including Alzheimer's disease.
食用水果和蔬菜作为食物和药物发挥着至关重要的作用，并且是对抗由氧化损伤引发的退行性疾病（如脑功能障碍、心血管疾病、免疫系统衰退和癌症）的抗氧化防御的主要来源。 是传统医学中用于恢复体力和精力的一种重要草药疗法。在本研究中，对 作为食物和药物的潜在价值进行了研究。评估了 不同器官的总酚、总黄酮和总单宁含量以及营养价值、维生素C、维生素E和矿物质含量。测定了 不同器官提取物和馏分的抗氧化和抗菌活性。从叶和果实的水醇提取物中总共分离出11种黄酮类、简单酚类、单宁相关酚类和单宁分子。通过光谱数据并与文献值比较鉴定其结构为没食子酸（ ）、柚皮素7 - -（6″ - -没食子酰基） - -D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（ ）、3,3'-二 - -甲基鞣花酸-4' - - -D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（ ）、1 - -没食子酰甘油（ ）、1,6-二 - -没食子酰基 - -D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（ ）、黄酮加洛宁酸双内酯（ ）、柯里拉京（ ）、没食子酸乙酯（ ）、尿石素M5（ ）、（E） - -香豆酰基-1 - - -D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（ ）和1,2,4,6-四 - -没食子酰基 - -D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（ ）。其中，化合物 和 首次从该植物中分离得到。利用乙酰胆碱酯酶（4EY7）作为靶受体进行分子对接，以研究阳性对照（加兰他敏和多奈哌齐）与所选化合物之间的比较相互作用。结果显示了这些化合物对靶受体的效力。总之， 含有丰富的矿物质、维生素C和E以及多酚类植物化学物质，它们可能共同作用于治疗传染病、预防和/或治疗包括阿尔茨海默病在内的与氧化损伤相关的疾病。
