Grobler Bridget, Kramer Mark
Physical Activity, Sport, and Recreation (PhASRec) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa.
Children (Basel). 2023 Sep 1;10(9):1497. doi: 10.3390/children10091497.
Most schoolchildren carry schoolbags, of which a substantial proportion carry loads that exceed 15% of their body mass. Although the effects of loading have been investigated to varying degrees, the status of schoolbag loading and the acute affects thereof on gait and posture have not been thoroughly investigated within the South African context. A total of 60 participants in the 10-13-year age range volunteered for the present study. Significant differences were evident for relative load carriage (χ(3) = 14.54, < 0.001), forefoot and heel forces (M = 17.05-34.86 N, < 0.001), force ratios (M = 0.02, = 0.029), and gait speed (M = -0.18 km/hr, = 0.016), but not for any postural angles (M = -3.37-6.08 deg, all > 0.052). Those who exceeded 15% BM were ~9 times more likely to report pain than those below 15% BM. The children in the current study carried significantly heavier relative loads ( < 0.001) compared to similarly aged children from other countries. Loading leads to acute changes in posture and gait that are likely not meaningful. However, excessive loading (>15% BM) leads to significantly higher perceptions and reporting of pain in 10-13-year-old children.
大多数学童都背着书包，其中相当一部分人背负的重量超过了他们体重的15%。尽管对负重的影响已经进行了不同程度的研究，但在南非的背景下，书包负重的状况及其对步态和姿势的急性影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究共有60名年龄在10至13岁之间的参与者自愿参加。相对负重（χ(3)=14.54，<0.001）、前脚掌和脚后跟受力（M=17.05 - 34.86牛，<0.001）、力比（M=0.02，=0.029）和步态速度（M=-0.18千米/小时，=0.016）存在显著差异，但在任何姿势角度方面（M=-3.37 - 6.08度，均>0.052）没有显著差异。超过体重15%的人报告疼痛的可能性是低于体重15%的人的9倍左右。与其他国家同龄儿童相比，本研究中的儿童背负的相对重量明显更重（<0.001）。负重会导致姿势和步态的急性变化，这些变化可能没有实际意义。然而，过度负重（>体重的15%）会导致10至13岁儿童的疼痛感知和报告显著增加。
